猪星状病毒的流行病学调查及遗传进化分析  

Prevalence investigation and genetic characteristics of porcine Astrovirus

作　　者：李本强[1,2] 陶洁 程靖华[1,2] 石迎 乔长涛[1,2] 刘惠莉 LI Ben-qiang;TAO Jie;CHENG Jing-hua;SHI Ying;QIAO Chang-tao;LIU Hui-li(Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Breeding,Shanghai 201106,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Breeding Pig,Shanghai 201106,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所/上海市农业遗传育种重点实验室,上海201106 [2]上海市种猪工程技术中心,上海201106

出　　处：《中国预防兽医学报》2021年第10期1046-1050,1073,共6页Chinese Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目[沪农科创字(2019)第3-2号]。

摘　　要：为了解上海地区猪群中猪星状病毒(PAstV)的流行现状及其遗传特性,本研究于2016年~2020年间在上海不同地区10个猪场共采集了1416份仔猪腹泻粪便样品,利用RT-PCR方法及生物信息学技术进行检测与分析。结果显示,PAstV的总阳性率为26.2%,PAstV与其他腹泻病病原的混合感染情况较复杂,二重感染率占比达56.93%,主要以PAstV/猪嵴病毒(PKoV)为主(20.07%);三重感染率占比29.41%,以PAstV/PKoV/猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)(10.09%)感染模式为主;四重感染率为11.4%,以PAstV/牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)/猪札幌病毒(PoSaV)/猪萨佩罗病毒(PSV)(13.51%)感染为主。猪群中PAstV的流行与气温差有很大关系,在季节交替时节流行率较高,特别是秋冬交替时节。选取其中2个PAstV阳性样品(JS-PAstV和CM-PAstV)进行全基因组序列的测定和分析,结果显示两者的全基因组同源性不高,仅为73.8%。全基因组进化分析显示,CM-PAstV分别与挪威、日本、美国的PAstV 3型的亲缘性较近;而JS-PAstV与匈牙利的PAstV 3型的亲缘性最近。对ORF2基因进行病毒重组分析,显示JS-PAstV和CM-PAstV的ORF2基因均与人星状病毒之间存在重组现象。提示,上海地区猪群中存在PAstV 3型的流行,且遗传距离较远,但存在与人星状病毒重组的风险,需进一步监测关注。本研究数据丰富了国内PAstV的流行病学资料,可为该病的风险防控提供科学数据。To investigate the prevalence status and the genetic characteristics of the porcine astrovirus(PAstV)isolates in Shanghai pig herds,total fecal samples of 1416 piglets with diarrhea were collected from 2016 to 2020 and detected by RT-PCR followed by bioinformatics analysis.Results confirmed that the total positive rate of PAstV was 26.2%and PAstV showed severe co-infection rate with other porcine diarrhea pathogens.The dual-infection rate was the highest(56.93%)in case of co-infection,with the infection pattern of PAstV/PKoV(20.07%).Triple-infection rate was 29.41%with the infection pattern of PAstV/PKoV/PEDV(10.09%).Quadruple-infection rate was 11.4%with the infection pattern of PAstV/BVDV/PoSaV/PSV(13.51%).The prevalence of PAst V had great relationship with the temperature difference,which were higher at the seasons turn,especially the autumn and winter turn.Furthermore,the complete genomes of two PAst V isolates were sequenced,named as JS-PAst V and CMPAst V respectively,and the results confirmed that the complete genomes of these two isolates had low homology(73.8%).Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete genomes showed that CM-PAst V was closed related to the PAst V type 3 strains from Norway,Japan and the United States.And JS-PAst V was most similar to the PAst V type 3 from Hungarian.Further virus recombinant analysis of ORF2 gene reflected that both of JS-PAst V and CM-PAst V were recombinant with human astrovirus.Our study suggested that PAst V type 3 is prevalent in pigs in Shanghai with large genetic distance and shows potential risk of recombination with human astrovirus,which needs further monitoring.The data in this study enrich the epidemiological data of PAst V in China and will provide scientific support for the risk prevention and control.

关 键 词：猪星状病毒 混合感染 季节性 遗传进化分析 基因序列重组 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]