反义词“死/活”的不对称研究  

A Study on the Asymmetry of the Antonyms"Dead"&"Alive"

作　　者：梁圆 杜道流 LIANG Yuan;DU Dao-liu(Institute of Linguistics,Huaibei Normal University,Huaibei 235000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]淮北师范大学语言研究所,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《景德镇学院学报》2021年第5期1-5,共5页Journal of JingDeZhen University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(16BYY141)。

摘　　要：现代汉语中“死”和“活”虽是对反义词,却存在着功能上的不对称。“死”“活”无论是用在动态助词、趋向动词、名词的前面,还是在谓语前面作状语,在动词后面作补语,或者是重叠充当句法成分,都有着不对称的地方。这种不对称现象主要是由词义的演变、词义感情色彩的差异以及人的认知特点等造成的。In modern Chinese,"dead"and"alive"are opposites,but there exists asymmetry in function concerning them."Dead"and"alive"are asymmetrical whether they are used before dynamic auxiliaries,verb-oriented words and nouns,or as adverbial before predicate,complement after verb,or as syntactic components by means of reduplicating,etc.,which is mainly caused by evolution of the word meaning,different emotional color of the word implication and cognitive characteristics of different people.

关 键 词：“死/活” 不对称 语义演变 感情色彩 认知理据 

分 类 号：H136.2[语言文字—汉语]