中国海域基岩油气藏特征及未来勘探方向  

Characteristics of the recently bedrock hydrocarbon reservoir in China Seas and future exploration directions

作　　者：王建强[1,2] 梁杰 陈建文[1,2] 张银国 赵青芳[1,2] 董贺平 李双林[1,2] 孙晶 WANG Jianqiang;LIANG Jie;CHEN Jianwen;ZHANG Yinguo;ZHAO Qingfang;DONG Heping;LI Shuanglin;SUN Jing(Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,CGS,Qingdao 266071,China;Pilot Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所,青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家试点实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测功能实验室,青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2021年第6期151-162,共12页Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology

基　　金：地质调查专项“崂山隆起构造沉积条件地质调查”(DD20190818);“重点海域油气调查”(DD20211353);“东海南部闽江-基隆凹陷中生界油气资源调查”(DD20190211);“深海调查——印度洋”(DD20191032);国家自然科学基金项目“南黄海崂山隆起中南部海底渗漏烃类源区示踪与运移路径重建”(41776075);山东省基金项目“南黄海盆地崂山隆起海底烃类渗漏成因及其三维模型构建”(ZR2019BD067)。

摘　　要：基岩油气藏是一种特殊类型的油气藏。随着渤中19-6凝析气藏、永乐8-3-1基岩油气藏及渤中13-2油气田等取得重大突破,证实中国海域基岩油气藏具有巨大勘探潜力。截至目前,已在渤海盆地、北部湾盆地、琼东南盆地、珠江口盆地获得多个高产基岩油气田。中国海域基岩油气藏具有分布广泛、纵向层系多、岩性多、类型多样的特征,主要发育前寒武系变质岩和混合花岗岩、古生代碳酸盐岩、中生代火山岩以及花岗岩侵入体、中生代碎屑岩等4套储层,尤其以前寒武系变质岩和中生代花岗岩侵入体为主。研究表明基岩油气藏主要表现为新生古储,其形成主要受控于富烃凹陷、构造运动、储盖条件等多种控制因素的影响。在总结前人成果的基础上,指出了中国海域未来基岩油气藏勘探应重点关注6大勘探方向:渤海盆地残山,北黄海盆地东部坳陷东北部局部凸起,南黄海盆地凸起带,东海陆架盆地低凸起,北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷、珠江口盆地惠州凹陷和琼东南盆地松南低凸起,南海南部中建南盆地和万安盆地。Great breakthroughs have been made recently in the exploration of hydrocarbon in bedrock reservoirs in China Seas,such as the Bozhong 19-6 condensate gas reservoir,the Yongle 8-3-1 bedrock oil and gas reservoir and the Bozhong 13-2 oil and gas field,which prove that bedrock oil and gas reservoirs have great potential in offshore China.Up to now,many high-yield bedrock oil and gas fields have been found in the Bohai Basin,Beibu Gulf Basin,Qiongdongnan Basin and Pearl River Mouth Basin.The bedrock hydrocarbon reservoirs in China's sea areas are characterized by wide distribution,multiple layers in vertical sequence,changing lithology and multiple types.As observed,there are four sets of major reservoirs:the Precambrian metamorphic rocks and migmatitic granite,the Paleozoic carbonate rocks,the Mesozoic volcanic rocks and granite intrusions and the Mesozoic clastic sequences,among which the Precambrian metamorphic rocks and Mesozoic granite intrusions dominate.The bedrock oil and gas reservoir is the kind of bedrock reservoir filled by later generated hydrocarbons,and their formation is controlled by many factors,such as source rocks,tectonic activities,reservoir properties and sealing conditions.On the basis of previous researches,it is suggested that the future exploration of bedrock oil and gas reservoirs in China's sea areas should focus more on the following six aspects:the residual mountains in the Bohai basin;the local uplift in the northeast of the eastern depression of the North Yellow Sea Basin;the uplifting belt of the South Yellow Sea Basin;the low uplift in the East China Sea shelf basin;the Weixi'nan Sag in the Beibu Gulf Basin,the Huizhou Sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin and the Songnan Low Uplift in Qiongdongnan Basin;and the Zhongjiannan Basin and Wan'an Basin in the southern South China Sea.

关 键 词：基岩油气藏 新生古储 控制因素 勘探方向 

分 类 号：P744[天文地球—海洋科学]