长期免耕秸秆还田对寒地土壤有机碳及大豆产量的影响  

Effects of Long-Term No-Tillage Straw Returning on Soil Organic Carbon and Soybean Yield in Cold Region

作　　者：蔡丽君[1] 张敬涛[1] 刘婧琦[1] 盖志佳[1] 郭震华[2] 赵桂范[1] Cai Lijun;Zhang Jingtao;Liu Jingqi;Gai Zhijia;Guo Zhenhua;Zhao Guifan(Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiamusi 154007,Heilongjiang,China;Rice Research Institute,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiamusi 154026,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院水稻研究所,黑龙江佳木斯154026

出　　处：《作物杂志》2021年第6期189-192,共4页Crops

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项项目(HNK2019CX01-2-2);黑龙江省农业科学院院级科研项目(2018KYJL018)。

摘　　要：为了优化寒地免耕覆盖栽培技术,利用长期定位试验,研究免耕条件下0%、30%、60%和100%秸秆覆盖还田量对土壤有机碳及微生物生物量碳含量的影响。结果表明,免耕秸秆还田具有显著的固碳效应,有助于提高土壤总有机碳(4.1%-22.3%)、土壤活性有机碳(52.5%-75.5%)及土壤微生物生物量碳含量(14.6%-44.7%);随秸秆覆盖还田量增加,表层土壤有机碳、土壤活性有机碳和土壤微生物生物量碳含量呈上升趋势,60%秸秆覆盖还田量处理的亚表层土壤总有机碳含量最高,60%和100%处理的亚表层土壤微生物生物量碳含量较高;30%处理的大豆产量最高,60%处理次之。在本试验寒地免耕9年条件下,60%秸秆覆盖还田量对土壤整体有机碳固持及大豆产量提升作用显著。In order to optimize the cultivation techniques and measures of no-tillage mulching in cold region, the effects of 0%, 30%, 60% and 100% straw mulching on the contents of soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon under no-tillage condition were studied. The results showed that no-tillage straw returning was helpful to increase the contents of soil total organic carbon(4.1%-22.3%), soil active organic carbon(52.5%-75.5%) and soil microbial biomass carbon content(14.6%-44.7%);the total organic carbon, active organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon contents of surface soil increased with the increase of straw returning, the total organic carbon content of subsurface soil was the highest with 60% straw returning, and the microbial biomass carbon content of subsurface soil were higher with 60% and 100% straw returning;the yield of soybean was the highest with 30%straw returning, followed by 60% straw returning. Under the condition of no-tillage in cold region for nine years,60% straw returning had significant effects on soil organic carbon retention and soybean yield improvement.

关 键 词：免耕 秸秆还田 总有机碳 活性有机碳 微生物生物量碳 大豆产量 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学] S141.4