基于MVDR近场聚焦波束形成的管道缺陷声源定位  

Sound Source Localization of Pipeline Defects Based on MVDR Near-Field Focused Beamforming

作　　者：贾笑云 王秀清[1] 胡烨 JIA Xiaoyun;WANG Xiuqing;HU Ye(College of Electronic Information and Automation,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学电子信息与自动化学院,天津300222

出　　处：《天津科技大学学报》2021年第6期37-43,共7页Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology

摘　　要：针对管道缺陷声源特点,采用传感器阵列直接获取声发射信号,以最小方差无畸变响应(MVDR)近场聚焦波束形成方法为理论依据,对管道缺陷声源信号进行识别和分析.对单声源进行仿真分析,研究阵元间距、阵元数、声源半径以及声源信号频率参数对声场分布强度的影响,并对轴向、周向以及整体定位误差进行分析.仿真结果表明:频率处于100 kHz以上时,误差逐渐趋于平缓,误差值在0.5附近;阵元数处于10以上时,误差值较小,为0.157;阵元间距超过0.85 m时,误差上升趋势较大;声源半径在1.5~4 m范围内,误差呈下降趋势.因此,当声源信号频率越高、阵元间距越小、阵元数越多以及声源半径越大时,声场分布强度就越高,定位误差就越小,声源识别效果也越好.According to the characteristics of the sound source of pipeline defects,the sensor array was used to directly obtain the acoustic emission signal,and the minimum variance distortion response(MVDR)near-field focused beam forming method was used as the theoretical basis to identify and analyze the sound source signal of the pipeline defect.For single sound source the simulation analysis was carried out,and the influence of the parameters such as the distance between the array elements,the number of the array elements,the sound source radius and the sound source frequency on the sound field distribution intensity was studied,and the axial,circumferential and overall positioning errors were analyzed.The simulation results showed that when the frequency was above 100 kHz,the error gradually tended to be flat,and the error value was about 0.5;when the number of array elements was above 10,the error value was small which is about 0.157;when the array element spacing was more than 0.85 m,the error rose more;the sound source radius was within the range of 1.5~4 m,and the error showed a downward trend.Therefore,when the sound source frequency is higher,the array element spacing is smaller,the number of array elements is bigger and the radium of sound source is larger,the intensity of the sound field distribution is higher,the positioning error is smaller,and the sound source recognition effect is better.

关 键 词：声发射信号 传感器阵列 最小方差无畸变响应 近场聚焦波束形成 声源识别 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]