灌溉水磁化处理对水肥一体化滴灌滴头堵塞的影响  

Effect of magnetization of irrigation water on the clogging of drip irrigation emitters with integrated water and fertilizer

作　　者：王照熙 赵雪 张文倩 牛文全 Wang Zhaoxi;Zhao Xue;Zhang Wenqian;Niu Wenquan(The Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Areas,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,MWR&CAS,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2021年第20期127-135,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52079112、51679205)。

摘　　要：为探究灌溉水磁化处理对引黄灌区水肥一体化滴灌滴头堵塞的影响,该研究针对内镶片式滴头,设置磁化强度为0.2、0.4和0.6 T,对照组为未磁化处理,并配置质量份数为2%的硫酸钾肥、尿素和复合肥浑水(泥沙浓度为3.0 g/L),采用短周期间歇性灌水试验。结果表明:磁化极显著减缓滴头流量与灌水均匀度的下降趋势(P<0.01),不同肥料适合的最佳磁化强度不同,磁化强度为0.4 T时,对硫酸钾肥与复合肥混合液的灌水均匀度下降的减缓作用最大,磁化强度为0.2 T时,对尿素混合液的灌水均匀度下降的减缓作用最大;灌溉水磁化后,硫酸钾肥和复合肥处理毛管前段堵塞滴头的数量增加,尿素处理的减少;磁化处理显著影响滴头堵塞敏感粒径的沉降和运动,显著增加了硫酸钾肥与复合肥混合液在毛管中淤积泥沙的敏感粒径(<0.03 mm)占比,减少了滴头输出泥沙中敏感粒径占比,尿素则相反。研究结果可为引黄灌区水肥一体化滴灌滴头抗堵塞防治措施提供参考。This study aims to explore the effect of magnetization treatment on the clogging of drippers for the integrated drip irrigation of water and fertilizer in the area of the Yellow River.Taking the inner-embedded drip emitter as the research object,the intensity of magnetization was set to 0.2,0.4,and 0.6 T,where the control group was unmagnetized.A short-term intermittent irrigation test was also carried out for 2%of the mass of potassium sulfate fertilizer,urea,and compound fertilizer muddy water(sediment content of 3.0 g/L).The results showed that the magnetization significantly slowed down the downward trend of dripper flow and irrigation uniformity(P<0.01).The optimal magnetization intensity greatly varied in the different fertilizers.Specifically,there was the greatest mitigation effect of dripper flow for the mixture of potassium sulfate fertilizer and compound fertilizer,when the magnetization intensity was 0.4T.The greatest mitigation effect was found during the decrease in the flow rate of the dripper in the urea mixture at the magnetization intensity of 0.2 T.The effective irrigation times for the mixture of potassium sulfate fertilizer,urea,and compound fertilizer without magnetization treatment(irrigation times with a relative flow rate greater than 75%)were 10,10,and 3 times,respectively.Furthermore,the effective irrigation times of different fertilizer mixtures increased after the magnetization treatment.When the magnetization intensity was 0.4,0.2,and 0.4 T,the effective irrigation times of potassium sulfate fertilizer,urea,and compound fertilizer mixture increased the most,which were 16,15,and 7 times,respectively.The number of clogged emitters increased significantly in the front section of the capillary tube for the potassium sulfate fertilizer and compound fertilizer treatment,whereas,the urea decreased after magnetizing the irrigation water.In the 0.4 T treatment,the most increased number of blocked drippers was found in the front section of the capillary for the potassium sulfate fertilizer and

关 键 词：灌溉 泥沙 磁化 滴头堵塞 水肥一体化 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]