不同水质调控方式对海参池塘沉积物酶活性的影响  

Effect of Different Types of Water Quality Control Systems on Sediment Enzyme Activites in Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) Ponds

作　　者：王祖峰[1] 李东萍 鲁晓倩 毕丽仙 周玮[4] WANG Zufeng;LI Dongping;LU Xiaoqian;BI Lixian;ZHOU Wei(China Society of Fisheries,National Fisheries Technology Extension Center,Beijing 100125,China;China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;ANPEL Laboratory Technologies(Shanghai)Inc.Shanghai 200000,China;Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]全国水产技术推广总站,中国水产学会,北京100125 [2]中国农业大学,北京100083 [3]上海安谱实验科技股份有限公司,上海200000 [4]大连海洋大学,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2021年第5期40-45,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：辽宁省科学计划(2018104009);辽宁省“兴辽英才”项目(XLYC1808029);大连市第二批领军人才资助项目。

摘　　要：2017年1月至12月,在宁省庄河市长605 m×宽85 m,水深1.2~2.0 m,铺设网礁的海参Apostichopus japonicus养殖池中,采用自然纳潮、池底铺设微孔曝气装置(缺氧时,空压机0.15 W/m;曝气)和750 W养水机(21:00~次日9:00工作12 h)三种方式调控水质,每月大潮前3~5 d采样测定海参池塘沉积物中脲酶、脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶、微生物活性和有机质含量的周年变化,并重点分析了养水机池塘的相关指标。结果显示,三种池塘养殖沉积物脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、脱氢酶活性和微生物活性变化范围分别为:95.00~279.42 U/g、87.27~1 040.51nmol/(g·h)、1.50~36.83 U/g和1.66~14.81μg/(g·min),有机质含量0.07%~2.60%。三种池塘各项试验指标数值全年的变化趋势基本一致,其中养水机池塘各项指标周年变化与其他两种池塘相比,变化趋势最平缓,周年平均值最小。结果表明,养水机能明显降低沉积物酶活性、微生物活性和沉积物有机质含量,可有效降低水质富营养化水平,改善水质,为海参养殖提供良好、稳定的生长环境。The annual changes in activities of urease, and dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, microbial activity, and organic matter contents were monthly monitored in sediments of 605 m length × 85 m width × 1.2 ~ 2.0 m water depth sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)culture ponds in Zhuanghe City, Liaoning province, 3~5 days before spring tide of each month from January to December 2017. In the sea cucumber culture ponds, the water quality was regulated by natural tide, microporous air devices(when hypoxia, 0.15 W/m;air compressor aeration)and 750 W nourishing water machine system(from 21:00 to 9:00 the next day, operation for 12 h),with emphasis on the related indicators in water in the sea cucumber culture ponds with 750 W nourishing water machine system. It was found that the activity in the three ponds was varied from 95.00 U/g to 279.42 U/g in urease, 87.27~1 040.51 nmol/(g·h)in acid phosphatase activity, 1.50 ~ 36.83 U/g in dehydrogenase activity, and 1.66 ~ 14.81 μg/(g·min)in microbial activity, and from 0.07%to 2.60 % for organic matter content. There was the similar trend in annual changes in parameters for the three ponds treated with different systems, with the minimal variation range and the minimal value of the water quality parameters in the ponds treated with nourishing water machine system. The findings showed that nourishing water machine system led to effectively lessen sediment microbial and enzyme activities, improve sediment quality, prevent accumulation of organic matter and water eutrophication and provide a good growth environment for sea cucumber.

关 键 词：海参池塘 沉积物 酶活性 水质调控方式 

分 类 号：S967.4[农业科学—水产养殖]