饲粮添加益生菌对山羊屠宰性能、肉品质和器官发育的影响  

Effects of dietary probiotics on slaughter performance,meat quality and organ development in goats

作　　者：占今舜[1] 詹康[2] 杨富裕[3] 钟小军[1] 霍俊宏[1] 严学兵 ZHAN Jinshun;ZHAN Kang;YANG Fuyu;ZHONG Xiaojun;HUO Junhong;YAN Xuebing(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,Jiangxi,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,Jiangsu,China;College of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [3]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《草业科学》2021年第11期2286-2293,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0502104);江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(JXARS-13-肉羊岗位);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCX201702-04)。

摘　　要：为探明饲粮添加益生菌对山羊屠宰性能、肉品质和器官发育的影响,本研究将36只健康、体重相近的2月龄左右努比亚母羊随机分为3组,每组12只羊,试验羊分别饲喂添加0(试验Ⅰ组)、0.5‰(试验Ⅱ组)和1.0‰(试验Ⅲ组)益生菌的基础饲粮,试验期为70 d。结果表明:(1)试验Ⅱ组山羊的胴体重和后腿重显著高于试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组山羊的宰前活重、屠宰率和眼肌面积均高于其他两组(P>0.05)。(2)各组间山羊的肌肉pH、熟肉率、失水率、剪切力和肉色无显著差异(P>0.05)。(3)试验Ⅲ组山羊的心脏重量和指数显著低于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05),但其他指标在各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。(4)试验Ⅱ组山羊的十二指肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(villus height/crypt depth,VH/CD)显著高于试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组山羊的空肠隐窝深度显著低于试验Ⅱ组(P<0.05),而回肠绒毛高度则显著高于试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05),其他指标在各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加低水平益生菌在一定程度上能够改善山羊的屠宰性能和器官发育。The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary probiotics on slaughter performance,meat quality and organ development of goats.Thirty-six healthy Nubian ewes aged around 2 months and of similar weight were selected and divided into three groups,n=12 per group.The goats in the three groups were fed a basal diet containing 0(groupⅠ),0.5‰(groupⅡ),and 1.0‰(groupⅢ)of probiotics for an experimental period of 70 days.We subsequently found that:(1)The weights of the carcasses and hind legs of goats in groupⅡwere significantly higher than those in groupⅢ(P<0.05).The live weights before slaughter,dressing percentages and loin muscle areas of the goats in groupⅡwere higher than those in the other two groups(P>0.05).(2)The muscle pH,cooked meat percentage,water loss rate,shear force and meat color of the goats showed no significant differences between the groups(P>0.05).(3)The heart weight and heart index of goats in groupⅢwere significantly lower than those in groupⅠ(P<0.05),whereas the other indexes showed no significant differences between the groups(P>0.05).(4)The villus height and villus height/crypt depth(VH/CD)of the duodenum were significantly higher in goats in groupⅡthan in goats in groupⅢ(P<0.05).The crypt depth of the jejunum was significantly lower in goats in groupⅠthan those in groupⅡ(P<0.05),while the villus height of the ileum was significantly greater in goats in groupⅠthan those in groupⅢ(P<0.05).The other indexes showed no significant differences between the groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,a low level of probiotic supplementation in the diet can improve slaughter performance and organ development in goats to a certain extent.

关 键 词：山羊 复合益生菌 屠宰率 肉品质 肠道发育 器官重量 全混合日粮 

分 类 号：S827.5[农业科学—畜牧学]