试析19世纪来华德意志人的中国祖先崇拜书写  

An Analysis of Ancestor Worship in the Writings of the Germans Who Visited China in the 19th Century

作　　者：胡凯[1] 张斐 Hu Kai;Zhang Fei(School of Germanic Studies,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学德语系,上海200083

出　　处：《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第6期122-129,共8页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：2018年度国家社科基金“冷门‘绝学’和国别史等研究专项”项目“19世纪来华德意志人中国叙事文献的发掘与研究”(项目编号:2018VJX015)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在近代中西交往过程中,中国的祖先崇拜是19世纪诸多来华德意志人关注与书写的对象。他们在面向本国公众的德语著述中介绍祖先崇拜,并对其内涵和影响展开论述与评价。在东方学视域下解读祖先崇拜在这些文本中的呈现方式,可以发现,受西方文明优越论的影响,来华德意志人对中国祖先崇拜的书写并非客观现实的完整再现,而是当时中西文化权力关系的映射。对于旨在改造乃至取代中华文化的叙事者而言,对祖先崇拜的书写事实上是他们在"认知中国"的掩饰下建构与支配中国的尝试。In the course of their communication with modern Chinese people,many Germans who visited China in the 19 th century paid attention to Chinese ancestor worship,and composed writings about this topic.They introduced the custom of Chinese ancestor worship with their writings in German to the readers of their own country,discussed and evaluated the ideological contents and influences of ancestor worship.Interpreting the way how ancestor worship was presented in these texts in the vision of Orientology,we can find out that the writings about Chinese ancestor worship by the German visitors to China,who were influenced by the view of the superiority of Western civilization,were not a complete representation of the objective reality,but rather a projection of the relationship in cultural power between China and the West in those days.Those German writers as narrators intending to transform and even replace Chinese culture,were actually trying to construct and dominate China in the disguise of"cognizing China"with their writings about ancestor worship.

关 键 词：来华德意志人 德语著述 祖先崇拜 西方文明优越论 话语权力 

分 类 号：G125[文化科学]