超声对厌氧氨氧化污泥富集培养过程的影响研究  

The effect of ultrasound on the enrichment and cultivation process of anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge

作　　者：曾燕玲 秦永丽[1] 黄清辉 黎小源 陈瑞红 蒋永荣[1] 邱雨辰 姜峙成 施亚雯 ZENG Yanling;QIN Yongli;HUANG Qinghui;LI Xiaoyuan;CHEN Ruihong;JIANG Yongrong;QIU Yuchen;JIANG Zhicheng;SHI Yawen(College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin Guangxi 541004;Guangxi Bossco Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanning Guangxi 540000)

机构地区：[1]桂林电子科技大学生命与环境科学学院,广西桂林541004 [2]广西博世科环保科技股份有限公司,广西南宁540000

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2021年第12期1506-1512,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52060004);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(No.2021KY0204);广西壮族自治区大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.201810595170、No.201910595162、No.202010595230)。

摘　　要：为了促进厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)生长,实现厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)污泥的快速富集,以处理养殖沼液的自然塘污泥为种泥,定期加载超声进行强化富集Anammox污泥(R2反应器),同时设置未加载超声的对照组(R1反应器),考察污泥长期驯化培养过程中反应器的脱氮性能和微生物群落结构的变化情况。结果表明:(1)在180 W 5 min超声2次强化下,56 d可成功实现Anammox污泥的富集培养,其氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的去除速率分别为228.09、273.88 mg/(L·d);(2)加载超声后,污泥胞外聚合物(EPS)的分泌量不断增加,其中蛋白质(PN)的分泌量大于多糖(PS),PN/PS也在逐步升高;(3)经扫描电子显微镜、高通量测序、荧光原位杂交综合分析后发现,加载超声的R2反应器中AnAOB相对丰度逐步增加;未加载超声的R1反应器中AnAOB相对丰度先增加后减少,而反硝化菌相对丰度则大幅增加。由此可见,加载180 W 5 min超声有利于选择性富集培养Anammox污泥。In order to promote the growth of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AnAOB)and realize the rapid enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation(Anammox)sludge,using the natural pond sludge that was used for the treatment of aquaculture biogas slurry as seed sludge,ultrasound was applied regularly for enrichment of Anammox sludge(R2 reactor),and a blank control group(R1 reactor)without ultrasound was also set up.During the long-term domestication and cultivation of sludge,the nitrogen removal performance of the reactors and the changes of the microbial community structure were investigated.The results showed that:(1)the enrichment of Anammox sludge could be successfully achieved after 56 days under 180 W 5 min ultrasound for two times,and the removal rates of ammonia and nitrite nitrogens were 228.09 and 273.88 mg/(L·d),respectively.(2)After ultrasound,the secretion of extracellular polymers(EPS)in sludge increased continuously,in which the secretion of protein(PN)was higher than that of polysaccharide(PS),and the ratio of PN/PS also gradually increased.(3)After comprehensive analysis of microbial changes by scanning electron microscopy,high-throughput sequencing,and fluorescence in situ hybridization,it was found that the AnAOB relative abundance of the sludge in the R2 reactor with ultrasound gradually increased.The AnAOB relative abundance in the R1 reactor without ultrasound first increased and then decreased,while the denitrifying bacteria relative abundance increased significantly.It could be seen that 180 W 5 min ultrasound could promote the selective enrichment and cultivation of Anammox sludge.

关 键 词：超声 厌氧氨氧化污泥 富集培养 脱氮性能 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]