热性惊厥:危险因素、临床评估及治疗  

Febrile seizures:risk factors,clinical evaluation and treatment

作　　者：陈路军[1] 李国林[2] 邹时朴 Chen Lujun;Li Guolin;Zou Shipu(Department of Pediatrics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College,Ganzhou 341000,China;Department of Pediatrics,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,Nanchang 330000,China;Department of Health Care,Children′s Hospital of Nanchang University,Jiangxi Children′s Hospital,Nanchang 330000,China)

机构地区：[1]赣南医学院第一附属医院儿科,赣州341000 [2]南昌大学第二附属医院儿科,南昌330000 [3]南昌大学附属儿童医院,江西省儿童医院保健科,南昌330000

出　　处：《中国小儿急救医学》2021年第11期1010-1013,共4页Chinese Pediatric Emergency Medicine

摘　　要：热性惊厥(febrile seizures,FS)常见于6个月至5岁儿童,指在发热状态下(体温≥38℃),无中枢神经系统疾病、代谢紊乱及无热惊厥史而发生的惊厥。目前认为FS是多因素所致的,主要为发育中的中枢神经系统易受发热影响,加上潜在危险因素(包括环境和遗传因素)而诱发。按发作类型分为单纯性、复杂性FS,区分两者有利于制定临床干预策略。苯二氮类能迅速止惊,多用于持续时间超过5 min的患儿。同时,间歇性地西泮治疗能有效降低FS复发风险,缓解父母焦虑和恐惧。本文将对FS危险因素、临床评估及治疗进行简要概述,以提高认识。Febrile seizure(FS)is generally defined as seizures occurring in children typically 6 months to 5 years of age in association with a fever greater than 38℃,who do not have evidence of an intracranial cause,another definable cause of seizure,or a history of an a febrile seizure.At present,it is considered that FS is caused by multiple factors,mainly duing to the developing central nervous system is vulnerable to fever and potential risk factors(including environmental and genetic factors).According to the type of seizures,it can be divided into simple FS and complex FS,distinguishing the type will be helpful to formulate clinical intervention strategies.Benzodiazepines can quickly stop convulsion,and it is mostly used for patients with a duration of more than 5 minutes.At the same time,intermittent diazepam treatment can effectively reduce the risk of recurrence of FS and relieve parents′anxiety and fear.This review briefly summarized the risk factors,clinical evaluation and treatment of FS in order to improve understanding.

关 键 词：热性惊厥 危险因素 临床评估 治疗 

分 类 号：R720.597[医药卫生—急诊医学]