肺泡巨噬细胞在革兰阴性菌感染中的作用及研究进展  

Research progress of alveolar macrophages in gram-negative bacteria infection

作　　者：夏婷婷 邵成杰 史家欣 Xia Tingting;Shao Chengjie;Shi Jiaxin(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University,the First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University,Lianyungang 222002,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州医科大学附属连云港医院,南京医科大学康达学院第一附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科,连云港222002

出　　处：《国际呼吸杂志》2021年第23期1826-1830,共5页International Journal of Respiration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81300052);江苏省六大人才高峰资助项目(2019-SWYY-324);江苏省青年医学重点人才资助项目(QNRC2016504);连云港市卫健委资助项目(202016);连云港市科技局资助项目(SF2010);南京医科大学康达学院资助项目(KD2020KYJJYB022)。

摘　　要：肺泡巨噬细胞主要存在于肺泡腔内,其与肺泡Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型上皮细胞紧密接触,是肺脏固有免疫反应的重要组成成分,参与肺脏固有免疫稳态的维持。肺泡巨噬细胞具有较强的可塑性和异质性,可根据周围微环境的改变,在多种细胞因子的介导下极化为M1、M2亚群,不同亚群之间可以相互转化,并赋予特定的功能和表型。革兰阴性菌是医院获得性肺炎的重要致病菌,其致病性强、易耐药和定植等特性,为临床疾病的治疗带来了巨大挑战,严重威胁人类健康。当发生革兰阴性菌感染时,肺泡巨噬细胞在杀灭病原体,维持肺脏免疫稳态中发挥了重要作用。本文就肺泡巨噬细胞的起源、极化以及其在革兰阴性菌感染过程中发挥的作用进行综述,为肺泡巨噬细胞的深入研究提供参考。Mainly existing in the alveolar lumen,alveolar macrophages are closely contact with typeⅠandⅡalveolar epithelial cells,and are involved in maintaining pulmonary innate immune homeostasis as important components of the innate immune response of the lung.Besides,with strong plasticity and heterogeneity,alveolar macrophages can be polarized into M1 and M2 subsets mediated by a variety of cytokines in accordance with the changes of the surrounding microenvironment.Different subsets can be transformed into each other,and are endowed with specific functions and phenotypes.As important pathogenic bacteria of hospital-acquired pneumonia,gram-negative bacteria bring huge challenges to clinical treatment,and pose great threats to human health,because of its characteristics including strong pathogenicity,drug resistance,and colonization.However,alveolar macrophages play an important role in killing pathogens and maintaining pulmonary immune homeostasis when gram-negative bacteria infection occurs.This paper will probe into the origin and polarization of alveolar macrophages as well as their roles in the process of gram-negative bacteria infection,so as to provide reference for further research on alveolar macrophages.

关 键 词：肺泡巨噬细胞 革兰阴性菌感染 极化 吞噬作用 炎症 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]