2019年北京市丰台区3~6岁学龄前儿童夜间睡眠时间及影响因素分析  

Analysis of nighttime sleep duration and its influencing factors of preschool children (3-6 years old) in Fengtai district of Beijing in 2019

作　　者：赵艳芳[1,2] 黄儒婷 王卓群 刘辉[2,4] 邵歌 胡冬梅 李环 刘阳[2,8] 吴静 刘慧慧 ZHAO Yan-fang;HUANG Ru-ting;WANG Zhuo-qun;LIU Hui;SHAO Ge;HU Dong-mei;LI Huan;LIU Yang;WU Jing;LIU Hui-hui(National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program,Beijing 100050,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心,北京100050 [2]中国现场流行病学培训项目,北京市100050 [3]丰台区疾病预防控制中心 [4]成都市疾病预防控制中心 [5]安阳市疾病预防控制中心 [6]中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心 [7]盘锦检验检测中心 [8]湖北省疾病预防控制中心 [9]中国疾病预防控制中心教育培训处,北京102206

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2021年第11期839-843,共5页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解北京市丰台区3~6岁学龄前儿童的夜间睡眠时间及其影响因素,为开展学龄前儿童睡眠时间健康教育与干预提供参考。方法于2019年4月采用方便抽样方法选取丰台区5个街道9所幼儿园的1 004名3~6岁学龄前儿童作为研究对象,利用问卷星平台采用自制的结构式问卷对主要看护儿童的家长进行线上调查,了解儿童基本情况、儿童夜间睡眠时间、每日户外活动时长、每日视屏时间、每周兴趣班学习时长、家庭人均月收入、家庭类型以及主要看护家长基本情况。采用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行方差分析、χ^(2)检验、趋势χ^(2)检验和多因素logistic回归分析。结果实际完成调查996人,应答率为99.2%。3~6岁学龄前儿童平均每日夜间睡眠时间为(9.2±1.0)h,男孩和女孩分别为(9.2±1.0)和(9.3±1.0)h,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。每日夜间睡眠时间达到10 h的儿童比例为36.7%,其中男童为34.7%,女童为38.8%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3~、4~、5~和6~岁组儿童平均每日夜间睡眠时间依次为(9.6±1.1)、(9.3±1.0)、(9.2±0.9)和(8.9±0.9)h,每日夜间睡眠时间随年龄增长呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。3~6岁学龄前儿童每日夜间睡眠时间达到10 h的比例由3~岁组的50.3%(74/147)降至6~岁组的23.6%(35/148),随年龄增长呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,学龄前儿童发生夜间睡眠时间不足10 h的风险随年龄增长而升高(OR=1.371,95%CI:1.170~1.607,P<0.05);与男性看护家长相比,女性家长看护的儿童发生夜间睡眠时间不足10 h的风险较低(OR=0.583,95%CI:0.377~0.901,P<0.05)。结论丰台区3~6岁学龄前儿童夜间睡眠时间不足情况较为普遍,儿童年龄、看护人性别是影响儿童睡眠时间的主要因素。Objective To understand the nighttime sleep duration and influencing factors of preschool children(3-6 years old) in Fengtai district of Beijing,and provide the reference for health education and intervention of sleep duration of preschool children.Methods In April 2019,the convenient sampling method was used to select 1 004 preschool children(3-6 years old) from 9 kindergartens in 5 streets of Fengtai district as the subjects;the online investigation in the platform named Wenjuanxing was conducted with a self-made questionnaire for the nursing parents of preschool children to understand the basic situation of children,children’s nighttime sleep duration,daily outdoor activity time,daily electronic screen time,weekly interest class learning time,family per capita monthly income,family types and the basic situation of main nursing parents. The analysis of variance,χ^(2)test,trend χ^(2)test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data,the used software was SPSS 22.0.Results The number of actual completing investigation was 996 cases(99.2%). The average nighttime sleep duration of 3-6 years old preschool children was(9.2 ±1.0) hours(boys:9.2 ±1.0 hours,girls:9.3 ±1.0 hours,P>0.05). The proportion of nighttime sleep duration for 10 hours was 36.7%(boys:34.7%,girls:38.8%,P>0.05). The average nighttime sleep duration of 3-, 4-,5-and6-years old groups were(9.6±1.1),(9.3±1.0),(9.2±0.9) and(8.9±0.9) hours,respectively. The daily nighttime sleep duration decreased with age(P<0.05). The proportion of daily nighttime sleep duration ≥10 hours decreased with age(3-years old group:50.3%,6-years old group:23.6%),P <0.05. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of nighttime sleep duration<10 hours in preschool children increased with age(OR=1.371,95%CI:1.170-1.607,P<0.05). As compared with male nursing parents,the risk of nighttime sleep duration<10 hours in children cared by female parents was lower(OR=0.583,95%CI:0.377-0.901,P<0.05). Conclusion The insufficient

关 键 词：儿童 夜间睡眠时间 影响因素 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]