分子结构对阳离子双子表面活性剂性能的影响  

Effect of molecular structure on the performance of cationic Gemini surfactants

作　　者：曹玉朋 杨伟光 姜亚洁[1] 鞠洪斌[1] 王亚魁[1] 耿涛[1] CAO Yu-peng;YANG Wei-guang;JIANG Ya-jie;JU Hong-bin;WANG Ya-kui;GENG Tao(China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国日用化学工业研究院,山西太原030001

出　　处：《应用化工》2021年第11期2979-2984,共6页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFB0308900);伽蓝研究基金资助(JALA2018)。

摘　　要：以十六烷基二甲基叔胺、棕榈酰胺丙基二甲基胺、1,4-二氯丁烷和1,4-二溴丁烷为原料合成了四种阳离子双子表面活性剂(CG-C、CG-PC、CG-B和CG-PB)。产物结构经红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱进行确认,并通过对表面张力、油水界面张力、泡沫性和乳化性等性能的测定来阐述分子结构(疏水碳链和无机反离子)对阳离子双子表面活性剂效能的影响。结果表明,含Br^(-)的表面活性剂的表面活性优于含Cl^(-)的,碳链上酰胺基团的引入导致表面活性降低;反离子对降低界面张力的能力影响不大,未带有酰胺基团的降低界面张力的能力较强;含有Cl^(-)(未带酰胺基团)的乳化性能强于含有Br^(-)(酰胺基团)的;含Br^(-)的泡沫性能稍强于含Cl^(-)的,含酰胺基团的起泡能力较差,但泡沫稳定性好。Four cationic Gemini surfactants(CG-C,CG-PC,CG-B and CG-PB)were synthesized from cetyl dimethyl tertiary amine,palmitamidepropyl dimethylamine,1,4-dichlorobutane and 1,4-dibromobutane.The structure of the product was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy.The effects of molecular structure(hydrophobic carbon chains and inorganic counter ions)on the efficacy of the cationic Gemini surfactants were determined by measuring surface tension,oil-water interfacial tension,foamability and emulsifiability.The result showed that the surface activity of surfactant containing Br^(-)was better than that of surfactant containing Cl^(-),and the introduction of amide group on carbon chain led to the decrease of surface activity;The counter ion had little influence on the ability to reduce interfacial tension,and the ability to reduce interfacial tension without amide group was stronger;The emulsification performance of surfactant containing Cl^(-)(without amide group)was stronger than that of surfactant containing Br^(-)(amide group);The foam performance of surfactant containing Br^(-)was slightly better than that of surfactant containing Cl^(-),surfactants with amide groups had less foaming ability,but good foam stability.

关 键 词：阳离子双子表面活性剂 疏水碳链 无机反离子 表/界面活性 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]