金属-空气电池枝晶生长及其抑制方法研究进展  

Research progress of dendrite growth and suppression methods in metal-air batteries

作　　者：赵璐 杜鹏 尤祥 陈远亮 谢刚[1,3,4] 侯彦青 ZHAO Lu;DU Peng;YOU Xiang;CHEN Yuan-liang;XIE Gang;HOU Yan-qing(Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and'Technology,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Kunming Metallurgical Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Kunming 650503,China;State Key Laboratory of Pressured Hydrometallurgy Technology for Associated Nonferrous Metal Resources,Kunming 650503,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学复杂有色资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,昆明650093 [3]昆明冶金研究院有限公司,昆明650503 [4]共伴生有色金属资源加压湿法冶金技术国家重点实验室,昆明650503

出　　处：《矿冶》2021年第6期63-73,共11页Mining And Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52074141,21566015);云南省应用基础研究项目(2018FD134)。

摘　　要：枝晶在金属-空气电池充电过程中因界面的稳定性遭到破坏而形成,会引起金属-空气电池安全性低以及寿命短等问题。针对这些问题,国内外从理论、实验、数值模拟等方面做了大量研究,以抑制金属-空气电池的枝晶生长。首先对国内外金属-空气电池电沉积过程中枝晶生长机理进行了总结和分析,然后论述了金属-空气电池充电过程中枝晶抑制方法的研究现状。结果发现,金属负极改性和结构设计、改良电解液可有效抑制枝晶生长;调节阳极界面附近的温度来调节锂的均匀沉积,可以抑制枝晶生长;实验与模拟相结合将成为研究金属-空气电池阳极枝晶抑制的主要手段,可通过研究电流特性、电解液性质以及催化剂催化性能对枝晶抑制的协同作用,揭示枝晶抑制机理,获得金属-空气电池阳极枝晶抑制的有效方法。Dendrites are formed on the interface because its stability is destroyed in the charging process for metal-air battery, which leads to the safety and short life of the metal-air battery.Focused on the problems, the researchers investigated the dendrites growth though theory, experiment and simulation to suppress it.In this paper, the mechanism of dendrites growth in the electrodeposition for metal-air batteries was firstly addressed and analyzed.Then, the resent researches about the dendrite suppression methods in the charging process for metal-air batteries were overviewed.The results show that the modification and structural design of the metal negative electrode and the improved electrolyte can effectively inhibit the dendrites growth.Adjusting the temperature nearby the anode interface to regulate the uniform deposition can inhibit the growth of dendrites.From the present investigation and results, the following research method should combine the experiment and simulation and focus on the synergistic effect of current characteristics,electrolyte properties and catalyst catalytic performance on dendrite suppression.The theory of dendrites suppression can be revealed and the effective method of dendrites suppression of metal anode for metal-air battery can be obtained.

关 键 词：枝晶 金属-空气电池 电沉积 相场 

分 类 号：TB430.4[一般工业技术]