白云鄂博尾矿稀土的工艺矿物学研究  

Study onthe process mineralogy of rare earth in Bayan Obo tailings

作　　者：秦玉芳[1] 马莹[1] 李娜[1] 王其伟[1] QIN Yu-fang;MA Ying;LI Na;WANG Qi-wei(State Key Laboratory of Bayan Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization,Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths,Baotou 014030,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]包头稀土研究院白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用国家重点试验室,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《矿冶》2021年第6期120-126,共7页Mining And Metallurgy

基　　金：内蒙古自然基金资助项目(2019ZD11);内蒙古自治区科技创新引导项目(KCBJ2018077)。

摘　　要：采用偏光显微镜,矿物自动定量分析系统(AMICS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪,结合化学分析等手段对白云鄂博尾矿的物质组成、稀土矿物嵌布特征、稀土元素赋存状态等进行研究。结果表明,尾矿中稀土含量(REO)为6.42%,稀土矿物主要为氟碳铈矿和独居石,脉石矿物主要有白云石、方解石、石英、长石、闪石、辉石、云母、重晶石和磷灰石等;稀土矿物嵌布粒度细小,氟碳铈矿与独居石单体解离度分别为55.07%、50.47%,与脉石矿物嵌布关系极为复杂。约95%的稀土元素赋存于稀土独立矿物中,约5%的稀土以类质同象或细小包裹体分散在其它矿物中。基于上述稀土矿物的嵌布特征及稀土元素的赋存特点,推荐采用分级—磨矿—浮选流程进行试验,以实现稀土矿物的有效回收。The material composition,distribution characteristics of rare earth minerals and occurrence state of rare earth elements of Bayan Obo tailings were studied by polarizing microscope,automatic mineral quantitative analysis system(AMICS),scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy spectrum analyzer combined with chemical analysis and other analytical methods.The results show that the rare earth(REO)content in the tailings is 6.42%,the rare earth minerals are mainly bastnaesite and monazite,and the gangue minerals are mainly dolomite,calcite,quartz,feldspar,amphibole,pyroxene,mica,barite and apatite.The intercalation particle size of rare earth minerals is small,and the dissociation degrees of bastnaesite and monazite are 55.07%and 50.47%respectively.About 95%of rare earth elements occur in independent rare earth minerals,and about 5%of rare earth elements are dispersed in other minerals as isomorphism or fine inclusions.Based on the distribution characteristics of the above rare earth minerals and the occurrence characteristics of rare earth elements,it is recommended to use the classification grinding flotation process to realize the effective recovery of rare earth minerals.

关 键 词：白云鄂博 尾矿 稀土 工艺矿物学 

分 类 号：TF811[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]