深井薄煤层保护层坚硬顶板破断机理及控制技术  

Breaking mechanism and control technology of hard roof in deep and thin coal seam protective layer

作　　者：秦玄烨 张英华[1] 黄志安[1,2,3,4] 高玉坤 QIN Xuanye;ZHANG Yinghua;HUANG Zhian;GAO Yukun(State Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,Ministry of Education,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines,Ministry of Education,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Key Laboratory of Gas Geology and Gas Control of Henan Province,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China;Work Safety Key Lab on Prevention and Control of Gas and Roof Disasters for Southern Coal Mines,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学煤矿瓦斯与火灾防治教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [3]河南理工大学河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理重点实验室,河南焦作454000 [4]湖南科技大学南方煤矿瓦斯与顶板灾害预防控制安全生产重点实验室,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第11期4010-4020,共11页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974015,51904292,51474017);中国矿业大学煤矿瓦斯与火灾防治教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2017CXNL02);河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理重点实验室开放基金资助项目(WS2018B03);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(FRF-IC-20-01,FRF-IC-19-013);矿山灾害预防控制重点实验室开放课题基金资助项目(SMDPC202101)。

摘　　要：针对坚硬顶板薄煤层保护层工作面开采后上覆岩层破断机理及控制问题,以九龙矿15445野青灰岩工作面为研究对象,通过现场调研、理论分析、相似模拟和数值模拟试验,分析该煤层顶板结构以及顶板沉降运移规律,并对顶板岩层破断机制和开采中应力变化进行了研究。研究结果表明:15445保护层工作面开采后覆岩垮落带和裂隙带最大发育高度分别为25.67 m和32.24 m;采空区侧及上覆被保护煤层下部存在细微裂隙发育;设计的预裂爆破炮眼可对野青灰岩顶板实施定向切顶卸压,工作面每推进10 m即停产实施顶板预裂爆破,并优化保护层顶板控制距离,可使支架压力减少10~75 MPa,卸压效果显著,说明保护层开采时覆岩垮落带和裂隙带的发育高度判断是正确的,坚硬顶板控顶距过长辨识是合理的。Aiming at the mechanism and control of overburden breakage after mining with hard roof and thin coal seam, the 15445 hard roof working face in Jiulong coal mine was taken as the research subject. Field investigation,theoretical analysis, similar simulation and numerical simulation tests were carried out to study rock fracture mechanism of the roof, stress changes during mining and law of roof settlement and movement in-depth. The results show that the maximum development height of overburden collapse zone and fissure zone after mining of15445 hard roof protection layer is 25.67 m and 32.24 m, respectively. Minor fissures are developed on the side of the goaf and below the overlying protected coal seam. The designed pre-split blasting blasthole realizes directional cutting and pressure relief on the roof of wild limestone, and when the working face is advanced by 10 m, it will stop production and implement roof pre-splitting blasting. By optimizing the control distance of the roof of protective layer, the bracket pressure decreases by 10~75 MPa, which indicates that the application effect is significant, the development height of overburden collapse zone and fissure zone after the protection layer is correct, and identification of the long roof distance of hard roof is reasonable.

关 键 词：采矿工程 深部开采 薄煤层 坚硬顶板 切顶卸压 

分 类 号：TD322[矿业工程—矿井建设]