空间站充气式垃圾舱结构方案研究  

Research on Inflatable Waste Stowage Cabin for Space Station

作　　者：张祎[1] 于东[2] 王玉林[3] 刘文翔 苗常青[1] ZHANG Yi;YU Dong;WANG Yulin;LIU Wenxiang;MIAO Changqing(National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;Department of Mechanical Design,School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Department of Aerospace Research and Exploration,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学特种坏境复合材料技术国家级重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工业大学机电学院机械设计系,哈尔滨150001 [3]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076

出　　处：《载人航天》2021年第6期735-741,共7页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：载人航天领域预先研究项目(040101)。

摘　　要：针对空间站废物垃圾的储放需求,提出了一种充气式垃圾舱方案,其主体结构为充气囊体,柔性可折叠,经折叠包装后发射入轨,在轨充气展开成型。研制了垃圾舱结构样机,测试了其折叠展开、密封及承内压等性能。结果表明,研制的充气式垃圾舱可柔性折叠,折叠效率高,质量轻,可充气展开为大容积密封舱,展开后具有良好的承压和密封能力,可满足垃圾投放及航天员短暂进出等期间的保压要求。充气式垃圾舱结构简单,制造和发射成本低,可实现空间站废物垃圾的单独储放,有效释放航天员生活空间,并消除废物垃圾等产生的微生物对航天员的健康威胁。A scheme of Inflatable-Waste-Stowage-Cabin was proposed to meet the requirements of waste stowage for space station.The main structure of the cabin was an inflatable bag,which could be folded during the launch,and could be deployed into a full-sized configuration in the orbit.The prototypes of the cabin were developed and tested.The results showed that the proposed design was characterized by a high foldability:the compact light-weighted device could be expanded into an airtight compartment of a large volume.Furthermore,the superb air tightness could result in a good pressure retention,therefore make possible the temporary stay of a crew member.Featuring a facile yet highly functional design,the proposed inflatable waste stowage compartment could effectively reduce the manufacturing and launch cost.A separate and dedicated waste compartment could also free up the living space of the crew cabin,and eliminate any detrimental effects on the health of astronauts caused by waste-related pathogens.

关 键 词：垃圾舱 充气展开 柔性折叠 密封 空间站 

分 类 号：TU353[建筑科学—结构工程]