地铁车辆车轮踏面双光带形成机理分析  

Analysis on the Formation Mechanism of the Double Contact Bands on the Wheel Tread of Metro Vehicle

作　　者：许世杰 关庆华[1] 张雄飞 赵长雨 温泽峰[1] 陆文教 XU Shijie;GUAN Qinghua;ZHANG Xiongfei;ZHAO Changyu;WEN Zefeng;LU Wenjiao(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031;CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111;Guangzhou Metro Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510330)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031 [2]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,青岛266111 [3]广州地铁集团有限公司,广州510330

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2021年第18期240-251,共12页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：四川省科技计划(2020YFQ0024);牵引动力国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2020TPL-T02)资助项目。

摘　　要：接触光带是轮轨接触关系的直观反映,体现车轮在轨道上的运行轨迹,影响着车辆的动力学性能。在对国内某直线电机地铁线路的车轮测试时发现,车轮踏面上出现明显的双光带现象,光带分别位于车轮名义滚动圆两侧。基于建立的考虑机电耦合的直线电机地铁车辆动力学模型与Archard磨耗模型,结合现场测试的试验数据,对车轮踏面双光带形成机理进行分析。结果分析表明,车辆通过小半径曲线时在左右车轮踏面上形成不同接触区,同时,直线上不良轮轨廓形匹配引起两点接触,是导致车轮踏面形成双光带现象的原因;仅通过车轮镟修不能从根本上消除车轮双光带,钢轨打磨还应注意维持合理的钢轨廓形,避免车轮双光带的形成和发展。在小半径曲线以及实测现场钢轨廓形的组合工况下,仿真计算的车轮踏面磨耗峰值位置与实测双光带位置相符。The contact band is a direct reflection of the wheel-rail contact relationship, which displays the trajectory of contact points between wheel and rail and also affects the dynamic performance of the vehicle. Through a wheel profile measurement of a linear motor metro line in China, two distinct contact bands on the wheel are observed, which are located on both sides of the nominal rolling circle of wheels. Based on the electro-mechanical coupling dynamic model of linear motor metro vehicle and Archard wear model, the formation mechanism of double contact bands is analyzed by using the experimental data measured in the field test. The analysis shows that the different contact areas on the left and right wheel tread when the vehicle passing through tight curves, as well as the double contact patches due to the inappropriate wheel/rail profile compatibility on the tangent track are the primary cause of the double contact bands on the wheel tread. Wheel re-profiling alone cannot eliminate the problem of double contact bands completely.Meanwhile, in the rail grinding, attention should also be paid to maintaining a reasonable rail profile to avoid the formation and development of the double contact bands of the wheels. Through the simulation of vehicle running on small radius curves and track with the measured rail profile, the calculated peak position of wheel tread wear is consistent with the measured double contact bands position.

关 键 词：双光带 直线电机地铁 车轮磨耗 数值仿真 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U270.33[机械工程—车辆工程]