沅水光泽黄颡鱼和大眼鳜的感应流速和喜好流速比较  

Comparison of Sensing Flow Velocity and Preferred Flow Velocity Between Shining Catfish and Bigeye Mandarinfish in Yuanshui River,China

作　　者：苏仟根 宋波澜 刘良国 李添宝 SU Qiangen;SONG Bolan;LIU Liangguo;LI Tianbao(Key Laboratory of Health Aquaculture and Product Processing in Dongting Lake Area in Hunan Province,Collaborative Innovation Center of the Aquatic Efficient Health Production in Hunan Province,College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Hunan University of Arts and Sciences,Changde 415000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南文理学院生命与环境科学学院,水产高校健康生产湖南省协同创新中心,环洞庭湖水产健康养殖及加工湖南省重点实验室,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2021年第6期53-58,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31572619);湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2020JJ4446);湖南文理学院博士科研启动项目(18BSQD22);2019年大学生创新创业训练计划省级项目(湘教通[2019]219号).

摘　　要：在水温(20.0±1)℃下,将体质量(21.18±3.43)g的光泽黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus nitidus)和体质量(26.4±6.28)g的大眼鳜(Siniperca kneri Garman)置于自行设计的体积为19.87 L的近椭圆形可调均匀流场装置中,研究两种沅水野生鱼类的感应流速和喜好流速。装置中的变频控制器调节电机转速产生不同水流速度;在游泳区前端放置稳流器,使流态接近层流。结果表明:光泽黄颡鱼和大眼鳜的绝对感应流速分别为(8.72±1.33)cm/s和(12.06±2.51)cm/s,相对感应流速分别为(0.81±0.092)BL(体长)/s和(1.07±0.10)BL/s。体长相近时,大眼鳜绝对感应流速、相对感应流速显著高于光泽黄颡鱼(P<0.05)。光泽黄颡鱼的绝对感应流速和相对感应流速与体长均有显著相关性(P<0.05)。大眼鳜的绝对感应流速和体长无显著相关性(P>0.05),相对感应流速和体长有显著相关性(P<0.05)。光泽黄颡鱼和大眼鳜的绝对喜好流速分别为(14.03±2.04)cm/s和(24.39±3.07)cm/s,相对喜好流速分别为(1.28±0.10)BL/s和(1.95±0.03)BL/s。同一体长范围内,大眼鳜的绝对喜好流速、相对喜好流速显著高于光泽黄颡鱼(P<0.05)。黄颡鱼和大眼鳜的绝对喜好流速和相对喜好流速与体长均有极显著相关性(P<0.01)。本实验可为沅水典型鱼类运动生理生态的适应机制研究提供基础数据。Shining catfish Pelteobagrus nitidus with body weight of(21.18±3.43)g and bigeye mandarinfish Siniperca knerii Garman with body weight of(26.4±6.28)g were held in a 19.87 L self-designed elliptical adjustable uniform flow field device in which a variable frequency controller in the device adjusted the motor speed to produce different water flow speeds,and a stabilizer was placed at the front of the swimming area to make the flow state close to layer flow at water temperature of(20.0±1)℃to investigate the sensing flow velocity and preference flow velocity of the two typical fishes from Yuanshui River.The results showed that shining catfish had absolute sensing flow velocity of(8.72±1.33)cm/s and relative sensing flow of(0.81±0.092)BL(body length)/s and bigeye mandarinfish had the absolute sensing flow velocity of(12.06±2.51)cm/s and relative sensing flow of(1.07±0.10)BL/s,significantly higher absolute sensing flow velocity and relative in shining catfish than those in bigeye mandarinfish(P<0.05).There was positive relationship between absolute and relative sensing flow velocity with fish body length(P<0.05)in shining catfish,without positive relationship between absolute and relative sensing flow velocity with fish body length(P<0.05)in bigeye mandarinfish(P>0.05).Shining catfish had absolute preference velocity of(14.03±2.04)cm/s and relative preference velocity of(1.28±0.10)BL/s and bigeye mandarinfish had absolute preference velocity of(24.39±3.07)cm/s and relative preference velocity of(1.95±0.03)BL/s,significantly higher absolute preference velocity and relative preference velocity in shining catfish than those in bigeye mandarinfish(P<0.05),indicating that absolute preference velocity and relative preference velocity were highly positively correlated with fish body length(P<0.01)in shining catfish than those in bigeye mandarinfish.The findings provided basic data support for the adaptive mechanism of movement physiology and ecology of typical fishes in Yuanshui River.

关 键 词：光泽黄颡鱼 大眼鳜 感应流速 喜好流速 

分 类 号：Q44[生物学—生理学]