葛氏鲈塘鳢(Perccottus glenii)繁殖生物学及人工催产实验  

Reproductive Biology and Artificial Propagation of Amur Sleeper(Perccottus glenii)

作　　者：张玉勇[1,2] 何宝全 曹顶臣[1] 白庆利[1] 何立川 ZHANG Yuyong;HE Baoquan;CAO Dingchen;Bai Qingli;HE Lichuan(Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,China;College of Wildlife Resources,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2021年第6期77-81,共5页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金课题(HSY202105M).

摘　　要：利用地笼在黑龙江水产研究所渤海实验基地场区捕获野生葛氏鲈塘鳢(Perccottus glenii),放入土池暂养,测定繁殖力等生物学指标。五月底,水温达13℃时,解剖发现部分雄鱼能产生少量游离精子,未经催产;雌鱼分别腹腔单次注射生理盐水(对照组)、促黄体素释放激素类似物(LHRH-A_(2))、地殴酮(DOM)及二者混合物,研究葛氏鲈塘鳢的繁殖生物学及人工催产技术。结果揭示:(1)雌、雄鱼的体长(L)和体质量(W)曲线分别为W=0.0326L^(3.0595)(R^(2)=0.9860)和W=0.0274L^(3.0008)(R^(2)=0.9471);(2)雌雄性比为1∶0.986(n=294),二项检验表明,该鱼性别分布服从平均概率是0.5的二项分布(P=1.00>0.05);(3)绝对繁殖力与年龄呈正相关,其中2^(+)龄的平均繁殖力为2140粒,5^(+)龄为8680粒。3^(+)龄时的相对繁殖力和性腺指数(GSI)最高,分别为103.1粒/g和13.3%。120尾雌鱼的催产结果显示,催产率由高至低依次为:LHRH-A_(2)+DOM>DOM>LHRH-A_(2),催产率46.67%~60.00%、发眼率87.3%~90.1%、孵化率89.2%~91.5%和上浮率88.2%~92.7%。催产药物对葛氏鲈塘鳢的催产效果明显,药物间差异明显,但药物催产没有影响胚胎及苗种的早期发育。本次研究可为开展葛氏鲈塘鳢人工繁殖和批量苗种生产提供技术支持。Wild Amur sleeper(Perccottus glenii)were captured in the reeds marsh at the Bohai Experimental Station of the Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute by a trap and held in earth ponds for temporary breeding to determine growth,sex ratio and fecundity of Amur sleeper.At the end of May,at water temperature of 13℃,anatomy revealed that some male fish produced a small amount of free sperm without inducing by hormone injection;the female fish were injected intraperitoneally with saline(control group),luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog(LHRH-A2),domperidone(DOM)and the mixture of the two to investigate artificial induction to spawn technology of the Amur sleeper.The results showed that(1)the regress equation between body length(L)and body weight(W)was described as W=0.0326L^(3.0595)(R^(2)=0.9860)in female and W=0.0274L^(3.0008)(R^(2)=0.9471)in male.(2)The overall female:male ratio was found to be 1∶0.986(n=294).The binomial test showed that the sex distribution of the Amur sleepers population followed by a binomial distribution with an average probability of 0.5(P=1.00>0.05).(3)The Amur sleeper had positive absolute fecundity correlation with age,with the mean value varying from 2,140 eggs at 2^(+)years old to 8,680 eggs at 5^(+)years old.The maximal relative fecundity(103.1 eggs/g)and gonado-somatic index(GSI)(13.3%)were observed in the 3^(+)years old fish.The spawning results of 120 female specimens induced by hormone injection showed that the descending order of success rate was expressed as LHRH-A2+DOM>DOM>LHRH-A2,ranging from 46.67%to 60.00%.Meanwhile,drugs had no obvious effect on the early development of embryos or juveniles,with eyed-eggs rate of 87.3%~90.1%,hatching rate of 89.2%~91.5%,and larva normal development rate of 88.2%~92.7%.The finding provides strong technical support for the artificial propagation and mass fry production of Amur sleepers.

关 键 词：葛氏鲈塘鳢(Perccottus glenii) 生长 性比 繁殖力 人工催产 

分 类 号：S965.199[农业科学—水产养殖]