世界远洋渔业发展现状、特点与趋势  

The status quo,characteristics and trends of world pelagic fishery development

作　　者：乐家华[1,2,3] 俞益坚 LE Jiahua;YU Yijian(College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;China Fisheries Development Strategy Research Center,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学经济管理学院,上海201306 [2]中国渔业发展战略研究中心,上海201306 [3]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2021年第6期1123-1131,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：世界自然基金会项目(D-8006-18-0185)。

摘　　要：当今世界各国对渔业资源、生态环境保护和食品安全以及劳动力等问题日益重视,远洋渔业发展正处于新的变革时期。通过研究近年世界各远洋国家在渔船、产量、加工贸易等方面的变化,总结出世界远洋渔业发展特点:主要渔业国家远洋减船趋势十分明显、投资领域和投资主体扩大并呈多元化、国际远洋渔业海外基地数量增加且竞争激烈等。在全球渔业资源分配不均的形势下,远洋贸易自由化和全球化进展继续加快,结合目前各国远洋渔业产业的发展需求及方向,分析世界远洋渔业的发展趋势:各国无论是在渔船数量、生产规模,还是投资范围、投资主体、海外基地建设等方面,走向属地化和规范管理,各国应对全球渔业资源衰竭的举措更加有力;产品可追溯、标准化体系等成为远洋渔业可持续发展的重点建设任务。Nowadays,countries around the world pay more and more attention to issues of fishery resources,ecological environment protection,food safety and labor force.The development of pelagic fisheries is in a new period of change.By studying the changes of fishing vessels,production and processing trade of pelagic fishing states in recent years,the development characteristics of the world’s pelagic fisheries can be summarized as:the trend of vessel reduction is obvious among major pelagic countries,the fields and subjects of funding and investment become expanded and diversified,and the number of overseas bases is increasing besides bring more competitions.In condition of uneven distribution of global fishery resources,the process of liberalization and globalization of overseas trade continues to accelerate.Based on the development needs and directions of pelagic fishery industry of countries,to analyze the development trend of world pelagic fishery,it can concluded that countries are moving towards localization and standardized management in terms of the number of fishing vessels,scale of production,scope of investment,subject of investment and construction of overseas bases.The response to global fishery resources decline gets more powerful.Constructing traceability and standardization system and other primal issues are key tasks for sustainable development of pelagic fisheries.

关 键 词：世界 远洋渔业 发展现状 特点 趋势 

分 类 号：S932.2[农业科学—渔业资源]