中国城市2016~2017年PM_(2.5)时空分布特征  

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of PM_(2.5) Distribution in China during 2016~2017

作　　者：许丽忠[1,2,3] 蔡雯颖 钟雪芬 陈芳 孙梦[1] 饶清华 XU Li-zhong;CAI Wen-yin;ZHONG Xue-fen;CHEN Fang;SUN Meng;RAO Qing-hua(College of ETwirojimental Science&Engineering,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China;Digital Fujian Internet-qf-things Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring,Fuzhou 350007,China;Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control&Resource Reuse,Fuzhou 350007,China;Fujian Academy of Erwironmental Sciences,Fuzhou 350000,China;Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Coastal Basin Erwirorment(Fuqing Branch of Fujian Normal University),Fuqing,Fujian 350300,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学环境科学与工程学院,福州350007 [2]数字福建环境监测物联网实验室,福州350007 [3]福建省污染控制与资源循环利用重点实验室,福州350007 [4]福建省环境科学研究院,福州350000 [5]福建师范大学福清分校,近海流域环境测控治理福建省高校重点实验室,福建福清350300

出　　处：《四川环境》2021年第6期74-80,共7页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：福建省社科重大项目(FJ2018Z004);福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J01327);福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J011243)。

摘　　要：细颗粒物PM_(2.5)会对人体健康产生危害,分析PM_(2.5)时空特性有着重要意义。利用2016~2017年中国336个城市的PM_(2.5)地面监测数据,应用空间自相关模型对中国城市PM_(2.5)空间簇特征进行比较分析。中国城市PM_(2.5)空间格局总体是稳定的,2016年、2017年全国336个城市的PM_(2.5)年均浓度分别为46.5±18.1μg/m^(3)、44.1±16.1μg/m^(3),呈下降趋势。城市日浓度超过75μg/m^(3)的频次总体减小,高超标频次的区域范围缩小。PM_(2.5)季节性特征明显,冬季浓度明显高于夏季。春夏秋三季城市PM_(2.5)浓度下降明显。中国城市PM_(2.5)浓度呈现显著的空间依赖性,但依赖性在减弱。PM_(2.5)浓度的空间聚集态较为稳定,表现在位于华北平原的高高聚集区、新疆西部的高高聚集区以及3处较为分散的低低聚集区。向南扩展的东部高高聚集区以及缩小的东南低低聚集区应引起有关部门的重视。我们的研究结果将有助于揭示中国城市PM_(2.5)时空特性的变化趋势,从而有助于中国政府下一阶段制定更加行之有效的污染治理措施和方案。Fine particulate matter PM_(2.5)is harmful to human health,and it is of great significance to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of PM_(2.5)concentration.Based on the 336 cities’ground monitoring data during 2016~2017,this paper revealed the spatial cluster characteristics of PM_(2.5)concentration in China by using spatial autocorrelation model.The spatial pattern of PM_(2.5)in Chinese cities was generally stable,and the average annual concentration of PM_(2.5)in 336 cities was 46.5±18.1μg/m^(3)in 2016 and 44.1±16.1μg/m^(3)in 2017,which showed a downward trend.The annual over-standard rate(the frequency of daily concentration exceeding 75μg/m^(3))of most cities reduced on the whole,and the area with high over-standard frequency decreased.PM_(2.5)has obvious seasonal characteristics,the concentration in winter is significantly higher than that in summer.PM_(2.5)concentration in cities decreased significantly in spring,summer and autumn.PM_(2.5)concentration showed a significant but weakening spatial dependence among cities.The spatial pattern was relatively stable,with a high-high(HH)cluster in the North China plain,a HH cluster in the western part of Xinjiang and 3 low-low(LL)clusters.The southward-expanding HH cluster in the east and the shrinking LL cluster in the southeast should be paid more attention to.This research result will help to reveal the change trend of PM_(2.5)spatial and temporal characteristics in Chinese cities,which will help the Chinese government to formulate more effective pollution control measures and plans in the next stage.

关 键 词：PM_(2.5) 时空特性 空间自相关 中国城市 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]