外源多胺对荔枝愈伤组织增殖及体胚发生的作用  

Effects of exogenous polyamine application on callus proliferation and somatic embryogenesis in Litchi chinensis‘Feizixiao’

作　　者：王果[1] 刘耀婷 李焕苓[1] 李芳 王树军[1] 王家保[1] WANG Guo;LIU Yaoting;LI Huanling;LI Fang;WANG Shujun;WANG Jiabao(Environments and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences/Danzhou Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Environment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Danzhou 571737,Hainan,China;College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所·农业农村部儋州农业环境科学观测实验站,海南儋州571737 [2]海南大学热带作物学院,海口570228

出　　处：《果树学报》2021年第12期2135-2147,共13页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1000900);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630042019026);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-32-03);海南省自然科学基金(319QN270)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究多胺[腐胺(Put)、亚精胺(Spd)、精胺(Spm)]对愈伤组织增殖及体胚诱导的作用,为揭示多胺在荔枝离体再生中的功能提供依据。【方法】采用单因素试验设计,分别在愈伤组织增殖及体胚诱导过程中添加多胺及其合成抑制剂[D-精氨酸(D-Arg)、环己胺(Cha)],比较不同处理下妃子笑荔枝愈伤组织增殖及体胚诱导差异。【结果】低浓度多胺或高浓度多胺合成抑制剂促进愈伤组织增殖,愈伤组织增殖量达显著水平,胚性愈伤组织(EC)与非胚性愈伤组织(NEC)颜色状态界限更加明显。与对照相比,经过多胺处理增殖的愈伤组织乳白胚诱导数及萌发率均降低,而多胺合成抑制剂处理增殖的愈伤组织乳白胚诱导数及萌发率随着多胺合成抑制剂浓度升高而升高,当Cha质量浓度为200 mg·L^(-1)时,乳白胚数量最多,达960个·g^(^(-1)),萌发率29.41%;当D-Arg质量浓度为700 mg·L^(-1)时,乳白胚萌发率最高,为32.35%,胚数量为450个·g^(-1)。体胚诱导培养基上添加多胺及其合成抑制剂对体胚诱导作用差异较大,Spd促进体胚发生作用较明显,当Spd质量浓度为20 mg·L^(-1)时,乳白胚数量为590个·g^(-1),萌发率为30.30%。体胚发生培养基上添加Cha或高浓度D-Arg抑制体胚发生,而添加低浓度D-Arg则促进体胚发生。【结论】在愈伤组织增殖培养基上添加3种多胺可促进愈伤组织增殖并保持胚性,且抑制原胚发生,而Cha及高浓度D-Arg促进原胚发生。体胚诱导培养基中添加低浓度Spd促进体胚分化。【Objective】Plant regeneration in vitro is the basis for transgenic breeding and rapid propagation of litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.).Components in the medium are the main factors that affect the efficiency of litchi regeneration in vitro.At present,the research on the medium components mainly focuses on cytokinin and auxin,and very few studies have been made on polyamines.In this experiment,the study on the effects of polyamines on callus proliferation and somatic embryo induction can provide a stronger basis for determining the function of polyamines in in vitro regeneration of litchi,and open up a new way to establish efficient plant regeneration systems and transgenic breeding of litchi.【Methods】The effects of polyamines and their inhibitors on callus proliferation and somatic embryo induction were studied using a single factor experiment.【Results】When polyamines and their inhibitors were added into the proliferation medium,they were all found to promote callus proliferation,and the differences were significant.The color state of the callus and the non-embryonic callus on the medium were obvious.The granules of the embryonic callus were tiny,obvious and light yellow in color.Cell division was vigorous,and there were many cell masses.The non-embryonic callus grew at the top of the plant,and it was pale and flabby.The somatic embryo induction and germination rates of callus among samples grown in polyamine and those grown in the presence of its inhibitor differed among different concentration treatments.The somatic embryo induction and germination rates of callus from polyamine and its inhibitor medium were lower than the control.The number of creamy embryos that appeared at low-concentration polyamine medium(below 20 mg·L^(-1))was far smaller than those that appeared at higher concentrations,and the somatic embryos were small,about 0.3 cm.Somatic embryos took longer to turn green and germinated at a lower rate than those grown at higher concentrations.The roots were shorter than those of plants grow

关 键 词：荔枝 愈伤组织 体胚发生 植株再生 多胺 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]