代词的形态句法特征在汉语话题回指中的作用——基于多项指标的汇流证据  

The Influence of Pronouns.Morphosyntactic Features on Referential Resolution in Chinese Topic Structures:Converging Evidence from Multiple Measures

作　　者：姜承杰 徐晓东[2] JIANG Chengjie;XU Xiaodong(Nanjing Normal University;School of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Nanjing Normal University,Gulou District,Nanjing 210097,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学 [2]南京师范大学外国语学院,江苏省南京市210097

出　　处：《现代外语》2021年第6期742-753,共12页Modern Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“汉英违实语义加工的认知及神经机制研究”(18BYY085)的资助。

摘　　要：代词的回指解读是语言学研究中的热点议题,但现有研究往往更侧重于先行语和先行语所在的小句。代词作为被加工的主体,其本身的形态句法特征如何对回指产生影响,获得的关注却相对较少。本研究以汉语话题结构为研究对象,通过语料库研究、可接受度测试和自定义步速阅读实验,分别从语言产出和理解两个维度,考察了代词的回指形式(显性vs.零形回指)和语法角色(主vs.宾语)在汉语话题回指中的作用,以及上述作用如何受到先行语生命性(生命体vs.非生命体)的制约。结果显示,先行语生命性能分别对代词回指形式的选择和语法角色的指派产生制约:先行语为非生命体时,对应的代词更倾向于以零形出现,且更倾向于充当宾语。本研究采用实验的方法验证了生命性在汉语回指加工中的重要作用,也证实了汉语回指解读受到代词本身形态句法特征的影响,为研究回指提供了新的证据。Pronoun resolution is one of the most important research topics in linguistics.Existing literature on pronoun resolution mainly focuses on the antecedent and the clause containing the antecedent,while the features of the pronoun itself receive less attention.By adopting corpus,acceptability rating,and self-paced reading techniques,this study investigates how referential resolution in Chinese topic structure is influenced by pronouns.referential forms(overt vs.null pronouns)and grammatical roles(subject vs.object),and how the influence is modulated by antecedents.animacy(animate vs.inanimate).The results show that antecedents.animacy affects both the referential form and the grammatical role of the pronoun:when the antecedent is inanimate,the corresponding pronoun tends to be dropped and to be the object of the sentence.This study confirms the importance of animacy in Chinese referential processing,and suggests that referential resolution is influenced by the morphosyntactic features of the pronoun,providing new evidence for referential processing studies.

关 键 词：汉语话题结构 回指解读 回指形式 语法角色 生命性 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]