蓟马属(Thrips linnaeus)4种蓟马简易鉴别方法  

A Simple Identification Method for Four Species of Genus Thrips linnaeus

作　　者：王春慧 丛林 包文学 Wang Chunhui;Cong Lin;Bao Wenxue(Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2021年第11期84-87,94,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960347)。

摘　　要：由于黄蓟马(Thrips flavus Schrank)、八节黄蓟马(Thrips flavidulus Bagnall)、短角蓟马(Thrips brevicornis Priesner)和棕榈蓟马(Thrips palmi Karny)外部形态结构差异甚微,为了快速鉴别4种蓟马,将蓟马用体积分数为75%酒精浸泡后整姿拍摄生态图片,拍摄标本直接制作成玻片标本,使用Olympus BX53正置显微镜及其自带摄像机DP74的DIC模式进行玻片标本拍照。主要观察触角颜色、触角节数、腹部节Ⅲ-Ⅴ背片鬃Ⅱ (亚中对鬃)和鬃Ⅲ长度、大小和单眼间鬃的位置。结果表明:该4种蓟马主要在体色、触角、单眼间鬃、翅胸、前翅等13处部分极为相似;黄蓟马、短角蓟马和棕榈蓟马触角7节,八节黄蓟马触角为8节。黄蓟马、八节黄蓟马单眼间鬃位于前后单眼中心连线;短角蓟马、棕榈蓟马单眼间鬃位于前后单眼中心连线外侧。黄蓟马、八节黄蓟马、短角蓟马腹部背板节Ⅲ-Ⅴ背片鬃Ⅱ(亚中对鬃)比鬃Ⅲ短而细。棕榈蓟马腹部背板节Ⅲ-Ⅴ背片鬃Ⅱ大小和粗细相似于鬃Ⅲ。黄蓟马前翅前缘鬃27根,后脉鬃14根;八节黄蓟马前翅前缘鬃26根,后脉鬃13根;短角蓟马前翅前缘鬃27根,后脉鬃14根;棕榈蓟马前翅前缘鬃25根,后脉鬃13根,与文献描述并不相否,并且在鉴定过程中个别八节黄蓟马和短角蓟马的前脉端鬃出现不等距排列。Thrips flavus Schrank, T. flavidulus(Bagnall), T. brevicornis Priesner, and T. palmi Karny have little difference in external morphology. In order to identify the four species of thrips quickly, the key distinguishing parts of their ecology and micromorphology were described in detail. After the thrips were killed by 75% alcohol, ecological pictures of the whole body were taken. The photographed specimens were directly made into slide specimens. The Olympus BX53 upright microscope and its built-in camera DP74 in DIC mode were used to take pictures of the slide specimens. The four species of thrips are very similar in 13 parts including body color, antennae, ocellar setae pair Ⅲ, pterothorax and fore wings. The antennae of T. flavus, T. brevicornis and T. palmi are 7, and the antennae of T. flavidulus are 8. The ocellar setae pair Ⅲ of T. flavus and T. flavidulus are located at the central line of the front and rear ocellus;The ocellar setae pair Ⅲ of T. brevicornis and T. palmi are located outside the central line of the front and rear ocellus. The discal setae II of section Ⅲ-Ⅴ of T. flavus, T. flavidulus and T. brevicornis is short and fine than that of setae Ⅲ. The size of the discal setae II of section Ⅲ-Ⅴ of T. palmi are similar to that of setae Ⅲ. The numbers of the four thrips of fore wing anterior fringe setae and second vein is auxiliary features. T. flavus have 27 fore wing anterior fringe setae and 14 second vein;T. flavidulus have 26 fore wing anterior fringe setae and 13 second vein;T. brevicornis have 27 fore wing anterior fringe setae and 14 second vein;T. palmi have 25 fore wing anterior fringe setae and 13 second vein, different with literature description, and in the identification process, the fore wing first vein of end of T. flavidulus and T. brevicornis are unequal distance distribution.

关 键 词：黄蓟马 八节黄蓟马 短角蓟马 棕榈蓟马 

分 类 号：Q969.341[生物学—昆虫学]