桦木科8树种木材解剖特征比较  

Comparison on Wood Anatomy of Eight Species(Betulaceae)

作　　者：解庆 刘志红 Xie Qing;Liu Zhihong(Shanxi Agriculture University,Taigu 030801,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学,太谷030801

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2021年第11期100-104,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：山西农业大学引进人才科研启动基金项目(2015YJ15,2015YJ16)。

摘　　要：为了探究桦木科(Betulaceae)树种木材微观解剖的特征差异和各树种间的亲缘关系,选择白桦(Betula platyphylla)、坚桦(B.chinensis)、香桦(B.insignis)、红桦(B.albosinensis)、长穗桦(B.cylindrostachya)、糙皮桦(B.utilis)、鹅耳枥(Carpinus turczaninowii)和刺榛(Corylus ferox)为研究材料,运用LEICA DM2500LED电子显微镜成像系统对各树种木材切片的微观结构进行观察比较。结果表明:8个树种均为单管孔及少数复管孔组合,互列管间纹孔,梯形导管穿孔。刺榛和糙皮桦为半散孔材,白桦、红桦、坚桦、香桦、长穗桦和鹅耳枥为散孔材。鹅耳枥导管壁有螺纹加厚、聚合木射线,离管星散-聚合状轴向薄壁组织且薄壁细胞数量相对较多;坚桦和香桦薄壁组织类型多样,呈离管切线状、傍管带状和轮界状;白桦可见管孔链和斜列状复管孔;刺榛无多列木射线,同形木射线组织。白桦、坚桦、香桦、红桦、长穗桦、糙皮桦和鹅耳枥的异形木射线组织均由横卧木射线细胞和方形细胞组成。木材解剖结构聚类结果支持植物分类学中白桦等8树种的分类关系。This study was conducted to study the wood micro-anatomical characteristics and genetic relationships of eight species in Betulaceae,including Betula.platyphylla,B.chinensis,B.insignis,B.albosinensis,B.cylindrostachya,B.utilis,Carpinus turczaninowii and Corylus ferox.The wood microstructure of the studied species was observed and compared via LEICA DM2500LED electron microscope imaging system.The combination of pipe holes of all species was a single pipe hole with a few multiple pipe holes.The type of wood pits was interlaced pits,and catheter perforations were trapezoidal perforations.C.ferox and B.utilis belonged to diffuse-porous wood,and the others were semi diffuse-porous wood.There was spiral thickening in the cell wall,aggregate ray,diffuse-aggreate apotracheal parenchyma in C.turczaninowii.The types of parenchyma in B.chinensis and B.insignis were various in the shape of the off-tube tangent line,par-tube band,and wheel boundary.Pore chain and inclined column compound pore could be seen in B.platyphylla.No multiseriate ray and heteromorphic ray in C.ferox.Heteromorphic ray tissue of B.platyphylla,B.chinensis,B.insignis,B.albosinensis,B.cylindrostachya,B.utilis and C.turczaninowii were composed of procumbent ray cell and square ray cell.The results of cluster analysis from wood anatomy are consistent with classical taxonomy.

关 键 词：木材解剖 亲缘关系 桦木科 

分 类 号：S718.4[农业科学—林学]