舰炮炮弹用炸药及其发射安全性研究进展  

Research progress on explosives for naval gun shell and its launching safety

作　　者：董军 杜茂华[1] 王晓峰 王伟力[1] 谭波 邢江涛 姚天乐 黄亚峰 杨雄[2] 赵凯 DONG Jun;DU Mao-Hua;WANG Xiao-Feng;WANG Wei-Li;TAN Bo;XING Jiang-Tao;Yao Tian-Le;HUANG Ya-Feng;YANG Xiong;ZHAO Kai(Institute of Ordnance Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China;Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学兵器工程学院,武汉430033 [2]西安近代化学研究所,西安710065

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2021年第12期39-49,共11页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:12072037)资助项目。

摘　　要：针对高威力舰炮弹药在应用过程中存在的发射安全性问题,对国内外舰炮炮弹用炸药研制及装备情况、炸药装药发射安全性研究装置、炸药装药发射安全性影响机制和炸药装药发射安全性设计等方面的发展情况进行了分析研究.结果表明,虽然不同国家舰炮炮弹用炸药配方各不相同,但是研究炸药装药发射安全性所用试验装置的作用原理基本相同,均采用模拟炸药装药在发射过程中受到的后坐加载应力及其响应情况来考核炸药装药是否满足发射安全性要求.此外,相关试验和研究结果也证明通过提高装药质量,减少装药疵病等技术手段可以有效提高炮弹炸药装药的发射安全性能.通过对炸药配方设计和装药工艺研究,避免炸药在绝热压缩和绝热剪切等复杂受力发射环境下产生热点,是改善舰炮炮弹炸药装药发射安全性的重要技术措施.To investigate the launch safety problems in the application of powerful naval gun ammunition, this paper analyzes and studies the development of domestic and foreign explosives and weaponry for naval gun ammunition, the research equipment for explosive charge launching safety, impact mechanism of explosive charge launching safety, and the design of numerical simulation and equivalent test for explosive charge launching safety. Results show that although the explosive charge of naval gun ammunition varies among countries, the principle of the test device used to study the explosive charge launching safety is basically the same. To verify whether the explosive charge meets the launch safety requirements, the recoil force stress and its response to explosives in the launching process is simulated. Additionally, the relevant test and research results prove that the launching safety performance of explosive charge can be effectively enhanced by improving the charge quality and reducing the charge defects. By exploring the explosive formula design and charging technology, avoiding the hot spot of explosives in a complex stress launching environment, such as adiabatic compression and shear, is a crucial technical measure, as well as improving the launching safety of naval gun shell explosive charge.

关 键 词：兵器科学与技术 舰炮弹药 炸药装药 发射安全性 等效实验 

分 类 号：TJ412.7[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]