“信息-知识-信念-行为”模式对老年心脑血管疾病病人自我管理及治疗依从性的影响  

Effects of IKAP model on self-management and treatment compliance in elderly patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

作　　者：季静[1] 蔡玉芬[1] JI Jing;CAI Yufeng(Department of Geriatrics,Beijing Hepingli Hospital,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市和平里医院老年病科,北京100013

出　　处：《安徽医药》2022年第1期140-142,共3页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的探讨“信息-知识-信念-行为”(IKAP)模式对老年心脑血管疾病病人自我管理、治疗依从性的影响。方法选择2018年1—6月北京市和平里医院收治的82例老年心脑血管疾病病人,按照随机数字表法随机分为IKAP组和对照组,各41例。对照组给予常规诊疗、康复护理及必要的健康教育,IKAP组在此基础上,基于IKAP管理模式给予综合性健康干预,共6个月。采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、17项版汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)及遵医行为依从性评估量表评估病人的自我效能、心理状态及治疗依从性变化。结果管理后,IKAP组HAMD评分[(11.66±3.54)分]显著降低,且低于对照组[(14.78±4.51)分](P<0.05)。管理后,两组GSES量表评分明显升高,IKAP组GSES量表评分[(3.34±0.41)分]显著高于对照组[(3.04±0.38)分](P<0.05)。管理后,IKAP组遵医行为依从性量表中各维度评分均较管理前明显改善,对照组服药、定期复查的评分明显改善,IKAP组服药[(11.43±2.14)分比(9.42±2.08)分]、饮食[(10.84±1.64)分比(8.35±1.90)分]、锻炼[(11.07±2.18)分比(8.24±2.71)分]、定期复查[(11.48±1.89)分比(10.16±1.53)分]各维度评分及总评分[(44.56±5.02)分比(34.87±4.37)分]均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论IKAP模式能改变老年心脑血管疾病病人疾病认知、不良行为,缓解心理状态,提升自我效能和治疗依从性。Objective To explore the effect of information-knowledge-attitude-practice(IKAP)management mode on the self-management and treatment compliance in elderly patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Methods Eighty-two elderly patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases who were admitted to Beijing Hepingli Hospital from January 2018 to June 2018 were selected and randomly assigned into IKAP group(n=41)and control group(n=41).The control group was given routine diagnosis and treatment,rehabilitation nursing and necessary health education,and the IKAP group was given comprehensive health intervention based on the IKAP management model for 6 months.General self-efficacy scale(GSES),17-item Hamilton depression scale(HAMD-17)and compliance assessment scale were used to evaluate patients'self-efficacy,psychological status and treatment compliance.Results After management,HAMD score in IKAP group[(11.66±3.54)score]was decreased significantly,which was significantly lower than that in control group[(14.78±4.51)score](P<0.05).After management,GSES scale scores of the two groups were significantly increased,and GSES scale scores of the IKAP group[(3.34±0.41)score]were significantly higher than that of the control group[(3.04±0.38)score](P<0.05).After management,compliance assessment scale scores of all dimensions in the IKAP group were significantly improved,and scores of medication and regular review in the control group were significantly improved.Scores of all dimensions including taking medication[(11.43±2.14)score vs.(9.42±2.08)score],diet[(10.84±1.64)score vs.(8.35±1.90)score],exercise[(11.07±2.18)score vs.(8.24±2.71)score],check up regularly[(11.48±1.89)score vs.(10.16±1.53)score]and total scores[(44.56±5.02)score vs.(34.87±4.37)score]in the IKAP group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions IKAP model can effectively change the disease cognition and bad behavior of elderly patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,releas

关 键 词：心脑血管疾病 健康知识 态度 实践 自我护理 老年人 信息-知识-信念-行为模式 自我效能 治疗依从性 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]