儿童心理咨询门诊中中学生患者求医行为、心理问题类型与父母教养方式的相关性分析  

Correlation Analysis of Medical Seeking Behavior,types of Psychological Problems and Parental Rearing Styles of Middle School Students in Children's Psychological Counseling Clinic

作　　者：蔡芳苗 柯锦秀 陈荣梅 CAI Fangmiao;KE Jinxiu;CHEN Rongmei(Psychological Clinic of Quanzhou First Hospital,Fujian Province,Quanzhou 362002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省泉州市第一医院心理门诊,福建泉州362002

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2021年第35期40-42,共3页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨中学生求医行为出现与父母教养方式的相关性,并分析求医时的心理问题类型与父母教养方式的相关性。方法运用症状自评量表、父母养育方式问卷对2021年5—8月因各种心理问题求助儿童心理咨询门诊的中学生共61例和本地区共62名普通中学生作为对照组,分析其父母教养方式对求医行为、心理问题的影响。结果两组中学生症状自评量表(SCL-90)总分及各因子均分比较,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义;求医行为出现与父母教养方式因子的相关分析,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义;两组中学生父母教养方式、父亲各消极因子比较,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义;观察组父母惩罚严厉、拒绝否认等4个因子对躯体化、偏执均分呈正影响;父母温暖理解对躯体化呈负影响;父亲惩罚严厉、过分干涉对强迫、人际敏感呈正影响,母亲偏爱对人际敏感呈负影响;父亲惩罚严厉会对抑郁、焦虑、恐怖呈正影响;父亲过分干涉会对焦虑产生正影响;父亲过度保护会对恐怖产生正影响。结论父母消极教养方式会影响多种心理问题类型的产生,因此需调整父母消极的教养方式,促进亲子之间良好的沟通。Objective To explore the relationship between middle school students'medical seeking behavior and Parenting styles,and to analyze the relationship between the types of psychological problems and Parenting styles.Methods A total of 61 middle school students were investigated with symptom checklist 90(SCL-90)and parental rearing style questionnaire(EMBU)in the outpatient department of children's psychological consultation for various psychological problems in from May 2021 to Aug.2021,a total of 62 middle school students from two middle schools in the region were selected as the control group to analyze the influence of parenting styles on the behavior of seeking medical treatment and the types of psychological problems.Results The total score of SCL-90 and the average score of each factor were compared between the two groups(P<0.05);the correlation analysis between medical seeking behavior and parental rearing style factors was statistically significant(P<0.05);the parents'severe punishment and refusal to deny had a positive effect on the average score of somatization and paranoia in the observation group(P<0.05);parents'understanding of warmth had a negative effect on somatization;father's severe punishment and excessive interference have a positive impact on compulsion and interpersonal sensitivity,while mother's preference has a negative impact on interpersonal sensitivity;father's severe punishment will have a positive impact on depression,anxiety and terror;father's excessive intervention will have a positive impact on anxiety;Excessive father protection can have a positive impact on terror.Conclusion The parents'negative parenting style can affect the generation of many types of psychological problems.Therefore,it is necessary to adjust parents'negative parenting style and promote good communication between parents and children.

关 键 词：中学生 求医行为 心理问题类型 父母教养方式 

分 类 号：R1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]