中美战略竞争背景下韩国对美政策调整  

Policy Adjustment by South Korea toward the U.S. in the Context of China-U.S. Strategic Competition

作　　者：刘荣荣[1] 孙茹[2] Liu Rongrong;Sun Ru(School of Foreign Languages and Literature,Shandong University;the Institute of World Politics,CICIR)

机构地区：[1]山东大学外国语学院 [2]中国现代国际关系研究院世界政治研究所

出　　处：《和平与发展》2021年第6期90-110,130,131,共23页Peace and Development

摘　　要：在中美战略竞争日益加剧的大背景下,韩国的对美政策调整呈现追随美国与追求战略自主两方面同时增强的态势。一方面,韩国加强与美国在经济、科技、价值观、安全和外交等关键领域的合作,更多介入中美战略竞争的主要领域;另一方面,韩国利用美国对韩国合作需求上升,积极扩大战略自主,但受美国制约,韩国追求战略自主的努力与加大对美合作存在内在逻辑矛盾。韩国追随美国不仅仅是美国单方面加大对韩国施压和拉拢的结果,也是韩国出于谋求战略主动、追求半岛事务主导、适当制衡中国等综合考虑而做出的战略选择。当然,韩国并非对美一边倒,韩美威胁认知和战略优先顺序的差异则制约着双方合作的深度。展望2022年韩国大选后的对美政策,其追随美国与追求战略自主的两面性仍将持续。With China-U.S.strategic competition getting increasingly intensified,South Korea has adjusted its policy toward the United States,showing a trend of simultaneously strengthening its following of the U.S.and pursuit of strategic autonomy.On the one hand,South Korea has boosted cooperation with the U.S.in economy,science and technology,values,security,foreign affairs and other key areas,and got more involved in major areas of China-U.S.strategic competition;and on the other hand,it,capitalizing on the growing demand of cooperation by the U.S.from South Korea,is actively expanding its strategic autonomy,which is opposed by the United States.Therefore,there is an inherent logical contradiction between South Korea’s pursuit of strategic autonomy and its increasing cooperation with the United States.South Korea’s following of the U.S.is not only the result of the latter’s unilaterally increasing pressure and wooing on South Korea,but also a strategic choice made proactively by South Korea out of comprehensive considerations such as seeking strategic initiative,pursuing the dominance of Peninsula affairs,and appropriately checking and balancing China.Of course,South Korea is not one-sided to the U.S.,as divergence in threat perceptions and strategic priorities between them has restricted the depth of cooperation between the two sides.Looking ahead to South Korea’s US policy after the 2022 election,its duality of following the U.S.and pursuing strategic autonomy will continue.

关 键 词：中美战略竞争 韩美同盟 中韩关系 韩国对美政策 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]