风暴潮作用下的大湾区海堤安全设计潮位探究--以伶仃洋河口湾为例  

A New Concept Proposal of the Tidal Level Designed for the Security of Coastal Levee during Storm Surge-Taking the Lingdingyang Estuary as an Example

作　　者：李彬[1] 何用 方神光 LI Bin;HE Yong;FANG Shenguang(Guangdong Water Conservancy and Hydropower Technology Center,Guangzhou 510635,China;Pearl River Water Resources Commission of Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute,Guangzhou 510611,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省水利水电技术中心,广东广州510635 [2]珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院,广东广州510611

出　　处：《人民珠江》2021年第12期70-75,共6页Pearl River

摘　　要：基于伶仃洋河口湾控制站点历年设计频率潮位、风暴潮增水统计、上游洪水来流等分析显示,伶仃洋海域近年0.5%~2.0%设计频率潮位抬升幅度为0.2~1.0 m,风暴潮极值增水都在2.5 m以上,现状相邻设计频率的潮位差不超过0.2 m,风暴潮极值增水与洪水基本不遭遇,与天文潮中潮遭遇概率最大。因此,针对设计频率潮位在河口海域应用中存在相邻频率潮位差过小、强台风期间潮水位跳频严重、不能直接体现风暴潮极值增水在海堤高程设计中的主导作用等问题,提出了海堤风暴潮安全设计潮位的概念,由海域多年平均高潮位与风暴潮最大极值增水叠加组成,概念清晰,使用简单,突出海堤抵御风暴潮灾害的主要功能,计算值与伶仃洋口门、狮子洋及三角洲网河区主要站点2020年复核后的100~200年一遇设计潮位较为接近且略大,证实了其安全可靠,初步分析认为2020年复核后的赤湾站设计频率潮位成果偏大。海堤安全设计潮位的概念可推广应用在海堤达标加固设计、海堤风暴潮安全风险评估以及风暴潮灾害预警及应对等领域。Based on the analysis of the design frequency tidal levels,storm surge water increase and flood inflow upstream of control stations in Lingdingyang Estuary over years,it showed that the tidal levels of designed frequency of 0.5%~2.0%raised from 0.2 to 1.0 m in recent years,the extreme storm surge elevations exceed 2.5 m commonly,and the current tidal level difference of adjacent design frequency was less than 0.2 m.During the emergence of the extreme storm surge elevation in the estuary flood upstream would not be appeared simutaneously,while the moderate tide was most likely encounterred.Therefore,there were some problems in the application of design frequency tidal levels in estuarine waters,such as the small tidal level difference between adjacent frequencies,the severe frequency jump of tide level during strong typhoon,and the failure to directly reflect the leading role of the extreme storm surge elevation in the elevation design of coastal levee.The concept of the tidal levels designed for storm surge security of coastal levee was proposed in the paper,which were composed of multi-year average high tidal level and the maximum extreme storm surge elevation,clearly and easily to be used.It highlights the main role played by coastal levee to resist the disaster by strong storm surge.The calculated values were close to and slightly more than the designed tidal levels of 100~200 year return period of main stations in the mouth of Lingdingyang estuary,Shiziyang water area and delta river network area after reviewed in 2020,proving its safety and reliability.The reviewed tidal levels of designed frequency in the Chiwan station in 2020 were likely too high by analysis preliminarily.The tidal level designed for storm surge security of coastal levee could be widely used in reinforcement design,safety risk assessment in storm surge and storm surge disaster warning and response.

关 键 词：海堤 风暴潮 极值增水 天文潮 遭遇 

分 类 号：U656[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]