无锡市农村生活污水治理现状问题与对策  

Existing Problems and Countermeasures of Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment in Wuxi City

作　　者：贺琛 周国婧 张周[2] 廖家林[2] HE Chen;ZHOU Guojing;ZHANG Zhou;LIAO Jialin(Wuxi Institute of Environmental Science,Wuxi 214121,China;School of Environment&Civil Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡市环境科学研究所,江苏无锡214121 [2]江南大学环境与土木工程学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《净水技术》2021年第12期63-68,共6页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07204001-02)。

摘　　要：农村生活污水具有来源多、成分复杂、变化系数大等特点,如不妥善处理会对居民生活环境和生态环境造成影响。通过对无锡市农村生活污水治理情况进行深入调研和数据统计,简要分析无锡市农村生活污水治理模式、处理工艺、运维情况和存在的问题及挑战。结果表明,无锡市农村生活污水治理起步较早,成果显著,到2020年底,农村生活污水治理行政村和自然村覆盖率分别达100%和85%。主要采用纳管、相对集中、分散处理、资源化处理4种治理模式;生物处理、生物+生态耦合处理、生态处理3类技术;运维模式基本采用集设计、采购、施工、调试、运营维护于一体的农村生活污水治理建设运营模式。在探索过程中,出现运行管理制度不完善、治理覆盖度不均衡、部分管网设施老化及长效管理机制不健全等突出问题。因此,无锡市农村生活污水治理需不断加强统筹规划、完善配套政策、加快提升治理覆盖度、加强过程监管和建立健全长效管理机制,才能进一步提升无锡市农村生活污水治理管理水平,以期为无锡市及苏南地区农村生活污水治理提供参考。Rural domestic sewage has the characteristics of multiple sources,complex composition and large variation coefficient.If not handled properly,it will affect the living environment and ecological environment of residents.Through in-depth investigation and data statistics on the treatment of rural domestic sewage in Wuxi City.Briefly analyze Wuxi's rural domestic sewage treatment model,treatment process,operation and maintenance situation,and existing problems and challenges in Wuxi City.Results showed that the treatment of rural domestic sewage in Wuxi City started early and achieved significant results.By the end of 2020,the sewage treatment coverage of rural domestic sewage administrative villages and natural villages reached 100%and 85%,respectively.It mainly adopted four governance modes:management,relative concentration,decentralized treatment,and resource treatment.And three types of technologies:biological treatment technology,biological+ecological coupling treatment,and ecological treatment.Operation and maintenance model basically adopted a rural domestic sewage treatment and construction operation model that integrates design,procurement,construction,commissioning,and operation and maintenance.In the process of continuous development,prominent problems such as imperfect operation and management system,uneven governance coverage,aging of some pipe network facilities,and imperfect long-term management mechanism had emerged.Therefore,the treatment of rural domestic sewage must continue to strengthen overall planning,improve supporting policies,accelerate the improvement of governance coverage,strengthen process supervision,and establish a sound long-term management mechanism in order to further improve the management level of rural domestic sewage in Wuxi City,in order to provide reference for the treatment of rural domestic sewage in Wuxi City and southern Jiangsu Province.

关 键 词：农村生活污水 治理现状 处理工艺 运维管理 对策分析 无锡市 

分 类 号：TU992.3[建筑科学—市政工程]