沿海中小城市“一城两区”空间特征及其影响因素——以山东省乳山市为例  

Spatial Characteristics and Influencing Factors of"One City With Two Districts"in Small and Medium-sized Coastal Cities:A Case of Rushan City in Shandong Province

作　　者：刘兆德[1] 王孟翰 林志文 孙雯雯[1] LIU Zhaode;WANG Menghan;LIN Zhiwen;SUN Wenwen(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Shandong Jianzhu University,Jinan 250101,Shandong,China;Jining Planning Design&Research Institute,Jining 272000,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学建筑城规学院,中国山东济南250101 [2]济宁市规划设计研究院,中国山东济宁272000

出　　处：《经济地理》2021年第11期97-105,共9页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(51808319)。

摘　　要：中小城市在城镇体系中作用日益显现,逐渐成为区域内经济发展与人口集聚的重要极核。我国沿海中小城市新区选址与老城存在一定距离形成的"一城两区"现象较为普遍,但其中部分城市对新区与老城发展统筹协调不足,导致"一城两区"存在布局失衡、利用低效等一系列问题。以乳山为例,采用综合分析、对比分析等方法,研究沿海中小城市"一城两区"现象的空间特征及其影响因素,研究表明:(1)"一城两区"格局下的空间发展具有功能差异性、拓展阶段性、联系断裂性、利用低效性与社会分异性五个特征。(2)沿海化战略与海滨资源禀赋是两区格局形成的基础,区位约束与地产驱动的双重作用导致空间低质化蔓延。(3)空间资源错配与产业层次较低制约着空间效率提升,新区拓展过快加上两区功能错位造成了二者的空间分离与社会分异。Small and medium-sized cities play an increasingly important role in the urban system,and gradually become important cores of regional economic development and population agglomeration.In coastal small and medium-sized cities of China,the spatial phenomenon of"one city with two districts"is common,which is caused by a certain distance between the new district and the old district.However,some of the cities,lacking of overall planning and coordination for the development of new and old districts,results in a series of problems such as unbalanced layout and inefficient utilization.This paper studies the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of the phenomenon of"one city with two districts"in small and medium-sized coastal cities by the means of comprehensive analysis and comparative analysis.The study states that:1)The spatial development has five main characteristics under the pattern of"one city with two districts":functional difference,stage expansion,rupture of connection,low efficiency of utilization and social differentiation.2)Coastal strategy and coastal resources endowment are the basis for the formation of the two-area pattern.The dual effects of location constraints and real estate drive lead to the spread of low-quality space.3)Spatial resource mismatch and low industrial level restrict the improvement of spatial efficiency.The rapid expansion of the new area and the dislocation of the functions of the two areas result in the spatial separation and social differentiation.

关 键 词：沿海中小城市 城市空间 一城两区 空间特征 乳山市 

分 类 号：F299.27[经济管理—国民经济]