碳赤字型省份碳中和模式选择与生态成本比较——以辽宁省为例  

Carbon Neutrality Models and Their Ecological Cost in Carbon Deficit Provinces:The Case of Liaoning Province

作　　者：胡剑锋 杨宜男 路世昌[3] HU Jianfeng;YANG Yinan;LU Shichang(School of Education,Fujian Polytechnic Normal University,Fuzhou 350300,Fujian,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,Anhui,China;School of Business Administration,Liaoning Technical University,Huludao 125000,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]福建技术师范学院教育学院,中国福建福州350300 [2]安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,中国安徽芜湖241000 [3]辽宁工程技术大学工商管理学院,中国辽宁葫芦岛125000

出　　处：《经济地理》2021年第11期193-200,共8页Economic Geography

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学规划基金一般项目(L17DJL003)。

摘　　要：基于碳会计理论,模拟比较购置碳排放权、营造碳汇林增加碳汇以及综合权衡使用两种模式实现碳中和目标的生态成本,为碳赤字型省份选择碳中和实现路径提供参考借鉴。研究发现:(1)购置碳排放权实现碳中和付出的生态成本较小,但会对生态环境造成较大的破坏;(2)营造碳汇林增加碳汇实现碳中和付出的生态成本较大,但碳汇林具有的生态系统服务功能能够产生较大的生态效益;(3)由于营造碳汇林增加碳汇的碳中和模式需要较大的国土面积,对于国土面积不足的省份不适用,因此需要权衡利用营造碳汇林与碳交易方式综合解决碳中和达标问题。由此提出碳赤字型省份一方面要积极通过营造碳汇林方式增加碳汇;另一方面要通过碳交易提高生产成本倒逼企业技术升级、产业结构转型,降低单位碳排放量等建议措施。Based on the carbon accounting theory,this article compares the ecological costs of carbon neutrality from the perspectives of purchasing carbon emission rights,building carbon sink forests to increase carbon sink and combination of the two modes above,which provides reference for carbon deficit provinces to choose the path of carbon neutrality.The findings of the study are that:1)It takes less ecological cost by the mean of purchasing carbon credits to achieve carbon neutrality,but that can cause greater damage to the ecological environment.2)It takes more ecological cost by the mean of building carbon sink forests to increase carbon sinks,but the ecosystem service function of carbon sink forests can generate large ecological benefits.3)Building carbon sink forests to increase carbon sinks requires large land area and it is not applicable to provinces with insufficient land area.Therefore,there is a need to balance the use of building carbon sink forests and carbon trading to solve the problem of carbon neutrality in a comprehensive manner.Consequently,it should,on the one hand,increase carbon sinks actively by building carbon sink forests in carbon deficit provinces;on the other hand,it should improve production costs through carbon trading to force enterprises to upgrade their technology and transform their industrial structure to reduce unit carbon emissions and other proposed measures.

关 键 词：碳中和 碳赤字型省份 碳汇林 生态成本 碳会计 

分 类 号：F129.9[经济管理—世界经济]