新疆天山以北和南坡桑树自然区种质资源收集与保存  

The collection and conservation of germplasm resources in mulberry natural area on the north and south slope of Tianshan mountains of Xinjiang

作　　者：李勇[1] 莫荣利[1] 黄锦 于翠[1] 朱志贤 董朝霞 胡兴明[1] 邓文[1] LI Yong;MO Rong-li;HUANG Jin;YU Cui;ZHU Zhi-xian;DONG Zhao-xia;HU Xing-ming;DENG Wen(Cash Crops Research Institute,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,武汉430064

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2021年第23期88-92,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省技术创新专项;湖北省中央引导地方科技发展专项(2020ZYYD025)。

摘　　要：为明确新疆天山以北温凉气候地带桑树自然区和天山南坡桑树自然区桑树种质资源概况,开展了对该区域石河子市和库尔勒市的桑树种质资源调查工作,共计收集63份桑种质资源,其中雌株52份,雄株10份,雌雄同株1份。调查发现,2大桑树自然区的桑树种质资源非常丰富,成叶叶形有全叶、裂叶或全裂混生,桑果颜色有紫黑、浅黑、黑、粉白、米白、纯白等,可溶性固形物含量10.3%~29.7%,且库尔勒市桑果可溶性固形物含量总体高于石河子市,种质异地保存以插皮接和芽接为宜。提出结合新疆特有的生态条件,加强原产地保护,同时采集种质材料进行异地保存,并加强古桑资源普查和宣传,提高当地居民的种质资源保护意识等建议。In order to clarify the general situation of mulberry germplasm resources in the mulberry natural zone in the temperate and cool climate zone north of the Tianshan mountains in Xinjiang and the mulberry natural zone on the southern slope of the Tianshan mountains,a survey of mulberry germplasm resources in Shihezi city and Korla city in the region was carried out.A total of 63 mulberry germplasm resources were collected,including 52 female plants,10 male plants,and 1 monoecious plant.The survey found that the mulberry germplasm resources in these two natural areas are very rich,with leaf-shaped leaves and whole leaves.Split leaves or full split,the color of mulberry is purple black,light black,black,pink white,off-white,pure white,etc.,the soluble solid content was 10.3%~29.7%,and the total soluble solid content of mulberry in Korla city was higher than Shihezi city,the germplasm storage in different places was suitabled for cutting and budding.It was proposed to combine Xinjiang’s unique ecological conditions,strengthen the protection of the place of origin,collect germplasm materials for off-site preservation,strengthen the general survey and publicity of ancient mulberry resources,and raise the awareness of germplasm resources protection of local residents.

关 键 词：桑树 种质资源 收集 保存 新疆 

分 类 号：S888.4[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]