三维露天矿山场景中异构分簇组网协议研究  

Research on heterogeneous clustering networking protocol in 3D open-pit mine scenario

作　　者：张洪光[1] 刘亭亭 吕秀莎 张莹 聂剑红 李青 ZHANG Hongguang;LIU Tingting;LYU Xiusha;ZHANG Ying;NIE Jianhong;LI Qing(School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Safety Monitoring of Mining Equipment, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Langfang 065201, China)

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学电子工程学院,北京100876 [2]华北科技学院河北省矿山设备安全监测重点实验室,河北廊坊065201

出　　处：《工矿自动化》2021年第12期68-74,共7页Journal Of Mine Automation

基　　金：河北省矿山设备安全监测重点实验室开放课题(SM202003);国家自然科学基金项目(61876199)。

摘　　要：露天矿山组网是智慧矿山的基础关键技术之一,然而露天矿山通信环境复杂、多种异构节点移动性差异大,导致通信链路不稳定。针对该问题,提出了一种异构分簇组网协议(HCNP)。HCNP支持静止太阳能LoRa中继设备的随时接入,可以随采矿深度的变化进行灵活布置。HCNP应用最短路径树形成从静止设备和静止中继设备到基站的静止骨干网。HCNP按照节点是否移动、能量是否受限、到基站的跳数和距离划分优先级,基于节点的不同优先级完成簇头选择和成簇过程,形成静止骨干网和动态分簇的异构组网模式,实现数据的可靠转发。仿真结果表明:与按需平面距离向量路由协议(AODV)、优化链路状态路由协议(OLSR)、贪婪周边无状态路由协议(GPSR)、基于节点位置的三维地理路由协议(AB3D)相比,HCNP具有较高的成功传输率,较低的端到端时延和较低的能耗,当仿真时间和节点数量变化时,成功传输率始终高于83%,端到端时延低于20 ms,并且能量消耗不超过0.66 J。这说明静止骨干网和考虑节点优先级的分簇策略适用于环境复杂的三维露天矿山,满足矿山设备和人员数量动态变化适应性的需求。Open-pit mine networking is one of the basic key technologies of intelligent mines.However,the complex communication environment in open-pit mines and the large mobility difference of various heterogeneous nodes lead to unstable communication links.In order to solve this problem,a heterogeneous clustering networking protocol(HCNP)is proposed.HCNP supports the access of static solar LoRa relay equipment at any time,and can be flexibly arranged with the change of mining depth.HCNP uses the shortest path tree to form a static backbone network from static devices and static relay devices to base stations.HCNP divides the priority according to whether the node moves,whether the energy is limited,the number of hops and the distance to the base station.The cluster head selection and clustering process are completed based on the different priorities of the node,and a heterogeneous networking mode of static backbone network and dynamic clustering is formed so as to realize the reliable forwarding of data.The simulation results show that compared with Ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing(AODV),optimized link state routing protocol(OLSR),greedy peripheral stateless routing protocol(GPSR),and node location-based 3D geographical routing protocol(AB3D),HCNP has higher successful transmission rate,lower end-to-end delay and lower energy consumption.When the simulation time and the number of nodes change,the successful transmission rate is always higher than 83%,the end-to-end delay is lower than 20 ms,and the energy consumption does not exceed 0.66 J.This shows that the static backbone network and the clustering strategy considering node priority are suitable for 3D open-pit mines with complex environment,and meet the requirements of dynamic adaptability of mine equipment and personnel number.

关 键 词：三维露天矿山 阶梯状矿坑 异构设备组网 静止骨干网 静止节点 移动节点 端到端时延 动态分簇 

分 类 号：TD655[矿业工程—矿山机电]