双太阳翼GEO卫星在轨角动量管控方法  

On-orbit Angular Momentum Management and Control for GEO Satellites with Double Solar Arrays

作　　者：洪振强[1] 俞洁[2] 刘伟[1] 杨立峰[1] 陆国平[1] 施晨康 赵辉 HONG Zhenqiang;YU Jie;LIU Wei;YANG Lifeng;LU Guoping;SHI Chenkang;ZHAO Hui(Shanghai Institute of Satellite Engineering,Shanghai 201109,China;Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology,Shanghai 201109,China)

机构地区：[1]上海卫星工程研究所,上海201109 [2]上海航天技术研究院,上海201109

出　　处：《上海航天（中英文）》2021年第6期40-46,70,共8页Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(41801382)。

摘　　要：地球同步轨道(GEO)卫星在轨的主要环境干扰力矩为太阳光压力矩和重力梯度力矩,干扰力矩的累积效应表现为飞轮转速的变化,需要通过外力矩进行角动量卸载避免飞轮饱和。由于GEO磁场极弱,卫星无法使用磁力矩卸载,只能通过喷气卸载,而喷气将对卫星轨道产生影响,因此需要尽可能延长卸载周期。针对配置双对称太阳电池阵GEO卫星的角动量管控需求,首先建立卫星在惯性空间中角动量积累模型,并映射到卫星本体系中,得到本体系中的角动量变化规律。通过飞轮在轨转速遥测数据,精确辨识获取环境干扰力矩特征参数,获得真实可靠的干扰模型。以角动量卸载周期最长为原则,基于在轨环境干扰模型制定角动量管控策略,并准确预估下次角动量卸载时间。经在轨数据处理与分析表明:提出的角动量管控策略,可有效将飞轮的角动量卸载周期提升为原来的2倍,有效提升卫星在轨应用效能,具有实际工程意义。The main environmental disturbance torques of on-orbit geosynchronous earth orbit(GEO)satellites are solar pressure torque and gravity gradient torque.The cumulative effect of disturbance torque is the change of flywheel speed.In order to avoid flywheel saturation,it is necessary to upload the angular momentum by means of external torque.Since GEO magnetic field is extremely weak,GEO satellites cannot use magnetic torque to upload angular momentum,and can only unload angular momentum by jet,which will affect the satellite orbit.Therefore,it is necessary to extend the unloading period as long as possible.In order to meet the angular momentum management and control requirements of GEO satellites with double symmetric solar arrays,the angular momentum accumulation model of satellites in inertial space is established and mapped to the satellite system,and then the angular momentum change law in the system is obtained.With the telemetry data of flywheel on-orbit speed,the characteristic parameters of environmental disturbance torque are identified accurately,and the real and reliable disturbance model is obtained.According to the principle of the longest angular momentum unloading period,the angular momentum management and control strategy is formulated based on the on-orbit environment disturbance model,and the next angular momentum unloading time is accurately estimated.The on-orbit data processing and analysis show that the proposed angular momentum management and control strategy can effectively double the angular momentum unloading period of the flywheel,effectively improve the on-orbit application efficiency of GEO satellites,and has practical engineering significance.

关 键 词：GEO卫星 环境干扰力矩 在轨辨识 角动量管控 卸载周期 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]