不同类型果袋对秋蜜桃1号果实品质形成和果皮色素变化的影响  

Effects of Different Bagging on Fruit Quality and Variation of Skin Pigment of Qiumitao No.1

作　　者：姜新 罗瑞鸿[1] 李一伟[1] 阮经宙[1] 刘芸 JIANG Xin;LUO Rui-hong;LI Yi-wei;RUAN Jing-zhou;LIU Yun(Institute of Horticulture,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/South Subtropical Fruit Tree Scientific Observation Station(Nanning),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangxi Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院园艺研究所/农业农村部南宁南亚热带果树科学观测实验站,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2021年第11期2473-2481,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西科技计划项目(桂科AB18294009);广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFBA294017);广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA17204097-11);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT048)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同类型果袋对秋蜜桃1号果实品质形成和果皮色素变化的影响,为南方地区生产高品质秋蜜桃1号提供参考依据。【方法】以秋蜜桃1号果实为试验材料,在其第1次生理落果后进行4种不同类型果袋(双层外黄内黑、单层黄袋、单层白袋和单层半白半透明袋)套袋处理,分别在果实采收前每隔7 d测定1次(共测定5次)各处理果实的单果重、纵横径、果实大小、果皮色素和果肉糖酸含量及相关酶活性等指标,分析其变化规律。【结果】在秋蜜桃1号果实采收时,外黄内黑双层果袋处理的果实呈白玉色,表面光洁,果皮叶绿素含量显著低于其他3种果袋处理(P<0.05,下同),纵径、横径和单果重均高于其他3种果袋处理,奎宁酸、苹果酸、蔗糖、山梨醇和总糖含量均显著低于其他3种果袋处理,口感偏淡。在3种单层果袋处理中,黄色单层果袋处理果实的蔗糖和果糖含量较高,柠檬酸和奎宁酸含量较低,但总糖含量最高,总酸含量最低,糖酸比最高。相关分析结果表明,秋蜜桃1号果实发育后期的酸性转化酶和中性转化酶活性与果实糖含量无显著相关性(P>0.05)。【结论】外黄内黑双层果袋套袋的秋蜜桃1号果皮色素含量低、果实外观较美观,但果实糖酸等内含物含量较低,口感偏淡;单层黄色果袋套袋的秋蜜桃1号果皮色素含量高于双层袋处理,果实外观呈绿色无光泽,但果实糖酸等内含物含量高于其他种类套袋果实。生产中可根据销售需要选择能整体提高经济效益的果袋类型。【Objective】The present paper aimed to explore the effects of different types of fruit bags on the formation of fruit quality and the change of peel pigment of Qiumitao No.1,so as to provide reference for the high-quality production of Qiumitao No.1 in southern China.【Method】Taking the fruit of Qiumitao No.1 as the experimental material,four different types of fruit bags(yellow outside and black inside,single yellow bag,single white bag,single semi white translucent bag)were bagged after the first physiological fruit drop.The changes of pigment content in single fruit weight,vertical and horizontal diameters,fruit size,peel pigment,and pulp glyc acid content and relative enzyme activities were measured and analyzed every 7 days(5 times),before plucking fruit,and the change rule was analyzed.【Result】The results showed that the surface of fruit covered with yellow outside and black inside double-layer bag was smooth,the chlorophyll content was significantly lower than that of single-layer bag and showing white jade color(P<0.05,the same as below),the longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter and single fruit weight were higher than those of the other three treatments,and the content of quinic acid,malic acid,sucrose,sorbitol and total sugar of fruit covered with yellow outside and black inside double-layer bag were significantly lower than those of other single-layer bag treatments,which match with the light taste at maturity.Among the three single-layer bags,the yellow single-layer bag had higher sucrose and fructose content,lower citric acid and quinic acid content,the highest total sugar content,the lowest total acid content and the highest sugar acid ratio.The results of correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the acid invertase activity and neutral invertase activity with sucrose content at late stage of fruit development(P>0.05).【Conclusion】Qiumitao No.1 bagged with double-layer yellow outside and black inside has low pigment content and beautiful appearanc

关 键 词：秋蜜桃1号 套袋 果实品质 色素含量 

分 类 号：S622.1[农业科学—园艺学]