人造蜘蛛丝与仿蜘蛛丝纤维的研究进展  

Research progress of artificial spider silk and imitation spider silk fiber

作　　者：王松立 王美林 周湘 刘遵峰[2,3] WANG Songli;WANG Meilin;ZHOU Xiang;LIU Zunfeng(School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China;College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300110, China;College of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan, Liaoning 114051, China)

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学理学院,江苏南京211100 [2]南开大学化学学院,天津300110 [3]辽宁科技大学化学工程学院,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《纺织学报》2021年第12期174-179,共6页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51973093,U1533122,51773094);兴辽英才计划(XLYC1802042)。

摘　　要：蜘蛛丝因其优异的力学性能和良好的生物相容性,一直吸引着科学家的研究兴趣。但蜘蛛在大规模繁殖中互相残杀的特性导致其无法像蚕丝一样实现商业化生产,因此,研发人造蜘蛛丝及仿蜘蛛丝纤维成为解决上述问题的有效方法。为更好地理解蜘蛛丝强韧的本质,综述了天然蜘蛛丝的结构,包括一级结构、β-折叠晶体网络(纳米纤维)结构及其形成过程。介绍了目前人造蜘蛛丝与仿蜘蛛丝纤维的制备进展,包括使用的多肽、非重组蜘蛛纤维蛋白、高分子材料和碳纳米管材料等,为下一步研究与规模化制备人造蜘蛛丝及仿蜘蛛丝纤维提供参考。Spider silks have been received much attention from researchers due to their excellent mechanical properties and good biocompatibility.Different from the silk,the spider silk is difficult to be commercially produced in a large scale,as the spiders kill each other in large-scale breeding.Therefore,the development of artificial spider silk and imitation spider silk fibers have become an effective method to solve the above problems.In order to better understand the nature of the strength and toughness of spider silk,the structure of nature spider silk was reviewed,including the primary andβ-crystal network(nanofibril)structure and formation process.The progress in the preparation of artificial spider silk and imitation spider silk fibers,including polypeptides,recombinant spider fibrous protein,polymer materials and carbon nanotube yarns and other materials was introduced,which provided reference for further reaearch and large-scale preparation of artificial spider and imitation spider fiber.

关 键 词：蜘蛛丝 人造蜘蛛丝 仿蜘蛛丝纤维 力学性能 蛛丝结构 

分 类 号：TS102.3[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]