欧茨《黑桃J》中的不可靠叙述者及隐含作者  

The Unreliable Narrator and Implied Author in Jack of Spades by Oates

作　　者：王瑾 李毅峰[1] WANG Jin;LI Yi-feng(School of Foreign Languages,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin 300134,China)

机构地区：[1]天津商业大学外国语学院,天津300134

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第12期116-119,131,共5页Journal of Qiqihar University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：韦恩·布斯认为,作者在创作时会创造一个隐含作者,隐含作者是作者的“第二自我”,隐含作者与真实作者往往不同。如果故事叙述者的言行与隐含作者的规范不一致,那么叙述者就是不可靠的。乔伊斯·卡罗尔·欧茨出版于2015年的悬疑小说《黑桃J》中的叙述者安德鲁·J.拉什是一个不可靠的叙述者,因为性格虚伪和人格分裂,他的叙述在真实性和价值判断方面都不可靠。通过创造不可靠的叙述者,欧茨成功地塑造了该人物并且实现了对人物的反讽。此外,该小说中的隐含作者揭示了作家所面对的“影响焦虑”、出版困境及女作家的困境等问题,而真实作者欧茨在这些问题上与隐含作者的立场是一致的,欧茨对这些困境深有体会,通过小说,她展现了作家的心理现实,表现了对他们的关切。Wayne Booth argues that the real author creates an implied author,and the implied author is the“second self”of the author.The implied author and the real author are usually different.If the narrator does not speak for or act in accordance with the norms of the implied author,then he is unreliable.Andrew J.Rush in Joyce Carol Oates’novel Jack of Spades(2015)is an unreliable narrator.His narration is unreliable both in the aspects of fact and value because of his hypocritical character and split personality.By creating the unreliable narrator,Oates characterizes him successfully and satirizes his hypocrisy.Moreover,the implied author in this novel reveals the writers’dilemma,such as“anxiety of influence,”publication dilemma and female writers’dilemma.Oates,the real author,has the same stand as the implied author.And she has experienced these dilemmas as a writer.Oates reflects the psychological realities of the authors and shows her concern for them in her novel.

关 键 词：欧茨 《黑桃J》 不可靠叙述者 隐含作者 真实作者 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]