贵州主产烟区烤烟上部烟叶质量的差异  

Quality Difference of Upper Tobacco Leaves from Different Main Tobacco Producing Areas,Guizhou

作　　者：王东飞 吕大树 徐玮 邹芳芸 戴华鑫[2] 吕红灵 许洪庆 张亚恒 张力元 刘舒畅 周汉平[2] 刘阳[2] WANG Dongfei;LYU Dashu;XU Wei;ZOU Fangyun;DAI Huaxin;LYU Hongling;XU Hongqing;ZHANG Yaheng;ZHANG Liyuan;LIU Shuchang;ZHOU Hanping;LIU Yang(China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co.Ltd.,Guiyang,Guizhou 550000;Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou,Henan 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中烟工业有限责任公司,贵州贵阳550000 [2]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,贵州郑州450000

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2021年第12期26-32,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“基于贵烟高端产品需求的优质上部烟叶技术研究与开发”(GZZY/KJ/JZ 2018GSY0092)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明贵州主产烟区烤烟上部烟叶质量的差异,以期为贵州烟区优质上部烟叶的生产与利用提供参考。【方法】选取贵州德江、松桃、安龙、惠水、平塘、镇远和盘州7个县(市)烤后未分级上部烟叶进行外观分类后,分析不同外观档次上部烟叶质量差异及影响上部烟叶评吸质量的品质指标。【结果】贵州主产烟区烤烟上部烟叶共分为4个外观档次,各档次烟叶平均为15.6%~45.5%,依次为2档烟叶>1档烟叶>3档烟叶>4档烟叶,3档烟叶和4档烟叶占比均≤17%;各档次烟叶的变异系数平均为33.9%~92.4%,依次为1档烟叶>4档烟叶>3档烟叶>2档烟叶,3档烟叶和4档烟叶的变异程度居中;各档次上部烟叶成熟度为成熟的中偏下水平,叶片结构处于尚疏松至疏松,身份为中等至稍厚,油分为“有”的中等水平,色度多为“中”;外观总分、颜色、成熟度、结构和色度均与3档烟叶呈极显著正相关,总植物碱与全部烟叶、2档烟叶和3档烟叶呈极显著负相关,还原糖与2档烟叶呈极显著正相关,氮碱比与3档烟叶呈极显著正相关;随着外观质量档次下降,烟叶总植物碱含量呈增加趋势,糖含量和糖碱比均呈较明显下降趋势。【结论】贵州不同外观档次上部烟叶质量差异较明显,评吸质量与烟叶颜色、成熟度、色度和糖碱比等的相关性较强。【Objective】The quality difference of upper tobacco leaves from different main tobacco producing areas of Guizhou Province is discussed to provide a reference for production and utilization of quality upper tobacco leaves in Guizhou tobacco producing area.【Method】The quality difference and smoking quality of upper tobacco leaves with different appearance grades are analyzed after the upper tobacco leaves selected from Dejiang,Songtao,Anlong,Huishui,Pingtang,Zhenyuan and Panzhou Counties are classified in appearance.【Result】The appearance of upper tobacco leaves is divided into 4 grades.The average proportion of upper tobacco leaves with various grades is 15.6~45.5%and grade Ⅱ>gradeⅠ>grade Ⅲ>grade Ⅳ.The proportion of grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ both is≤17%.The average variable coefficient of upper tobacco leaves with various grades is 33.9%~92.4%and gradeⅠ>gradeⅣ>grade Ⅲ>grade Ⅱ.The variation degree of grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ is in the mediate.The maturity degree of upper tobacco leaves with various grades is at low middle level.The leaf structure,thickness,oil content and chromaticity of upper tobacco leaves are loose,medium to slight thickness,moderate level and moderate respectively.Total appearance score,colour,maturity,structure and chromaticity are positively related to smoking quality of upper tobacco leaves of grade Ⅲ very significantly.The vegetable alkaloid content is negatively related to smoking quality of upper tobacco leaves of whole tobacco leaves,grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅲ very significantly.The reducing sugar content is positively related to smoking quality of upper tobacco leaves of grade Ⅱ very significantly.The nitrogen/nicotine ratio is positively related to smoking quality of upper tobacco leaves of grade Ⅲ very significantly.Total vegetable alkaloid content of upper tobacco leaves show an increase trend but the sugar content and sugar/nicotine ratio show the obvious declining trend with decrease of appearance quality grade.【Conclusion】There is an obvious quali

关 键 词：上部烟叶 外观质量 化学成分 评吸质量 相关性 贵州 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]