播种量与施肥水平对东方山羊豆牧草产量的影响  

Effect of Sowing Rate and Fertilization Level on Forage Yield of Galega orientalis

作　　者：罗天琼 莫本田[2] 张瑜 龙忠富 LUO Tianqiong;MO Bentian;ZHANG Yu;LONG Zhongfu(Pratacultural Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院草业研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2021年第12期67-75,共9页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目“饲用东方山羊豆良种选育及利用”[黔科合支撑(2016)2624-2];国家现代牧草产业技术体系项目“黔南综合试验站”(CARS-34);中国南方草地牧草调查项目“中国南方草地牧草资源调查”(2017FY100602)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明东方山羊豆播种量及施肥水平与牧草产量的关系,为生产上东方山羊豆丰产高效栽培提供理论依据。【方法】采用五元二次通用组合设计,对东方山羊豆在播种量、有机肥及氮磷钾肥施用量5个栽培因子共同作用下牧草产量与栽培因子的数量关系进行分析。【结果】5个栽培因子对东方山羊豆牧草产量影响的顺序为氮肥施用量>钾肥施用量>播种量>有机肥施用量>磷肥施用量;当播种量为7.5 kg/hm^(2)、有机肥施用量为13200 kg/hm^(2)、氮肥施用量为498.6 kg/hm^(2)、磷肥施用量为675 kg/hm^(2)及钾肥施用量为888.86 kg/hm^(2)条件下,东方山羊豆鲜草产量可达91.44 t/hm^(2),纯收益达37964.26元/hm^(2)。【结论】5个栽培因子对牧草产量均具有一定的促进或抑制作用,在适宜播种量和施足有机肥的同时,合理配施氮肥、磷肥和钾肥,可实现东方山羊豆的丰产高效栽培。【Objective】The correlations between 5 cultivation factors(sowing rate,organic manure,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium)and forage yield of Galega orientalis are studied to provide the theoretical basis for high yield and high efficiency of G.orientalis in its cultivation.【Method】The quantitative relationships between cultivation factors and forage yield of G.orientalis are analyzed by using a quintuple quadratic general combination design under the combined action of 5 cultivation factors.【Result】The effect of 5 cultivation factors on forage yield of G.orientalis is nitrogen application rate>potassium application rate>sowing rate>organic manure application rate>phosphorus application rate.The fresh grass yield and net income of G.orientalis can reach 91.44 t/hm^(2) and 37964.26 Yuan/hm^(2) when the sowing rate,and the application rate of organic manure,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium are 7.5 kg/hm^(2),13200 kg/hm^(2),498.6 kg/hm^(2),675 kg/hm^(2),and 888.86 kg/hm^(2) respectively.【Conclusion】Five cultivation factors all have certain promoting and inhibition effect on forage yield of G.orientalis.The high yield and high efficiency cultivation of G.orientalis can be realized by using the comprehensive measures of proper sowing rate,sufficient organic manure and rational N,P and K combination application.

关 键 词：东方山羊豆 播种量 施肥量 栽培措施 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]