紫苏粕替代鱼粉对杂交鲟体型特征及生长性能的影响  

Effects of Perilla Meal Substituted for Fish Meal on Physical Characteristics and Growth Performance of Hybrid Sturgeon

作　　者：赵振新 张显波 赵飞 温贺[4] 杨森[4] 靳琼 沈奇[4] 李正友 ZHAO Zhenxin;ZHANG Xianbo;ZHAO Fei;WEN He;YANG Sen;JIN Qiong;SHEN Qi;LI Zhengyou(Institute of Fisheries,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Special Aquatic Engineering Technology Center,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Disease Prevention and Control Function Laboratory of Characteristic Aquatic Industry Technology System,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Rapeseed Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550008,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院水产研究所,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省特种水产工程技术中心,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省特色水产产业技术体系疾病防控功能实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [4]贵州省农业科学院油菜研究所,贵州贵阳550008

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2021年第12期86-92,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省农业科学院青年基金项目[黔农科院青年基金(2019)28],[黔农科院青年科技基金(2021)15]。

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同比例紫苏粕替代鱼粉对杂交鲟体型特征及生长性能的影响,为高性价比鲟鱼配合饲料的研发与应用提供参考依据。【方法】供试鱼为杂交鲟,先在试验养殖环境暂养1周,研究基础饲料中不添加紫苏粕(CK)、紫苏粕替代秘鲁鱼粉的40%(D_(1))、紫苏粕替代秘鲁鱼粉的60%(D_(2))、紫苏粕替代秘鲁鱼粉的80%(D_(3))和紫苏粕替代秘鲁鱼粉的100%(D_(4))对其体型特征及生长性能的影响。【结果】D_(1)、D_(2)、D_(3)、D_(4)和CK杂交鲟的头高、体长和叉长分别为5.87 cm、5.74 cm、5.19 cm、4.51 cm、4.51 cm,58.26 cm、54.76 cm、49.77 cm、46.32 cm、47.32 cm,61.09 cm、57.54 cm、52.11 cm、49.29 cm、50.29 cm,D_(1)显著高于D_(4)和CK,D_(4)叉长显著低于CK;D_(1)鲟鱼的增重率和日特定生长率分别为41.10%和0.86%,显著高于CK(28.91%和0.63%),随着替代比例的增大,2项指标呈下降趋势,D_(4)鲟鱼增重率和日特定生长率分别为15.04%和0.35%,均显著低于CK;D_(1)杂交鲟的肝体比和脏体比分别为2.87%和13.48%,均低于CK(3.18%和14.74%),其中脏体比较CK差异显著;D_(4)脏体比(16.13%)显著高于CK;经对鱼体特定生长率折线回归分析,紫苏粕替代鱼粉的最适添加比例为50.43%。【结论】随着紫苏粕替代秘鲁鱼粉比例的增大,鲟鱼生长呈下降趋势,紫苏粕替代鱼粉的适宜添加比例对鲟鱼生长具有显著的促进作用,最适添加比例为50.43%。【Objective】The effects of perilla meal substituted for fish meal with different proportion on physical characteristics and growth performance of hybrid sturgeon are explored to provide a reference basis for research,development and application of compound feed of hybrid sturgeon with high cost performance.【Method】The effects of CK(no perilla meal in basal feed),D_(1)(40%Peru fish meal replaced by perilla meal),D_(2)(60%Peru fish meal replaced by perilla meal),D_(3)(80%Peru fish meal replaced by perilla meal)and D_(4)(100%Peru fish meal replaced by perilla meal)on physical characteristics and growth performance of hybrid sturgeon.【Result】The head height,body length and fork length of D_(1),D_(2),D_(3),D_(4) and CK are 5.87 cm,5.74 cm,5.19 cm,4.51 cm and 4.51 cm,58.26 cm,54.76 cm,49.77 cm,46.32 cm and 47.32 cm,and 61.09 cm,57.54 cm,52.11 cm,49.29 cm and 50.29 cm respectively.The head height,body length and fork length of D_(1) is higher than D_(4) and CK significantly.The fork length of D_(4) is lower than CK significantly.The weight gain rate and special growth rate of D_(1) are 41.10%and 0.86%,28.91%and 0.63%higher than CK respectively.The weight gain rate and special growth rate show the declining trend with increase of replacement proportion of perilla meal and the weight gain rate and special growth rate of D_(4) are 15.04%and 0.35%separately,significantly lower than CK.The liver body ratio and visceral body ratio of D_(1) is 2.87%and 13.48%respectively,lower than CK(3.18%and 14.74%).The visceral body ratio(16.13%)of D_(4) is significantly higher than CK.The optimal replaced proportion of perilla meal is 50.43%according to broken-line regression analysis on special growth rate of hybrid sturgeon.【Conclusion】The growth of hybrid sturgeon is on a declining trend with increase of perilla meal replacement proportion.The suitable perilla meal replacement proportion has a significant promotion effect on growth of hybrid sturgeon and the optimal replacement proportion of perilla meal is 50.43%.

关 键 词：紫苏粕 鱼粉 杂交鲟 体型特征 生长性能 

分 类 号：S965.211[农业科学—水产养殖] S963.3[农业科学—水产科学]