国民待遇原则中“相似情形”的判定与考量  

The determination and consideration of“similar circumstances”under the principle of national treatment

作　　者：王亚男[1] WANG Ya-nan(Law School,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《中国海商法研究》2021年第4期20-28,共9页Chinese Journal of Maritime Law

基　　金：2017年度辽宁省社科基金项目“辽宁对非投资风险应对法律问题研究”(L17BFX015)。

摘　　要：国际投资仲裁实践中对“相似情形”的认定有“竞争关系”“经济领域”和“行为目的”三种界定标准,其中“行为目的”是东道国是否给予外商投资者国民待遇的关键。对中国外商投资中“相似情形”的判定与考量需要在抽象与具体两个不同的维度进行思考。当中国作为东道国接受外国投资时,需要在人类命运共同体理念的指引下完善本国外商投资法律制度,特别是要制定并强化中国国际贸易政策的部门审查机制;当中国作为外商投资者时会面临着因国家对国有企业投资的控制力度所产生的来自于东道国政府的差别待遇问题。对此,应该以人类命运共同体理念为中国国际法理念的核心和抓手,重点完善国际贸易政策的部门审查机制等规范,并以“试点”性做法在中国自贸区或粤港澳大湾区内检验中国相关外资政策的实施效果。In the practice of international investment arbitration,the identification of“similar situation”has three definition standards:“competitive relationship”,“economic field”and“behavior purpose”.Among these three definition standards,the criterion of“behavior purpose”is the key to whether the host country gives national treatment to foreign investors.The judgment and consideration of similar situations in China’s foreign investment need to be considered in two different dimensions:abstract and concrete.When as the host country,China needs to improve its foreign investment legal system under the grasp of the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind,especially to formulate and strengthen the departmental review mechanism of China’s international trade policy.While as a foreign investor,China will face the problem of differential treatment from the host government caused by the state’s control over the investment of state-owned enterprises.In this regard,we should take the vision of a community with a shared future for mankind as the core and starting point of China’s concept of international law,focus on improving the norms such as the departmental review mechanism of international trade policies,and provide a good test for the implementation of China’s relevant foreign investment policies in China’s free trade zone or Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area with a“pilot”approach.

关 键 词：相似情形 外商投资 国民待遇 人类命运共同体 

分 类 号：D996.4[政治法律—经济法学]