目标群体的政策规避与政策悬浮:生活垃圾分类何以不能落地生根?——以天津市滨海新区为例  

The Policy Avoidance of Target Group and Policy Suspension:Why can′t Household Garbage Classification Take Root?A Case study of Tianjin Binhai New Area

作　　者：吴群芳[1] 刘清华 WU Qunfang;LIU Qinghua

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学文法学院,北京100083 [2]中共中央党校公共管理教研部,北京100091

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2021年第11期104-109,共6页Urban Development Studies

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(FRF-BR-20-05B)。

摘　　要：生活垃圾分类需要社会公众的充分参与,但作为主体的居民却在执行中表现出政策抗拒、政策投机、政策冷漠、政策敷衍等多种负向且消极的政策规避现象,使得垃圾分类出现了政策悬浮。依托史密斯政策执行过程模型,通过在中国语境下对该模型的理论要素进行一定的本土化调试和修正,可以为全面理解目标群体政策规避行为逻辑提供一个解释性分析框架:政策体系自身缺陷、执行主体能力不足、社会环境的适配性冲突和居民分类"内动力"不强,这四大要素相互关联、彼此影响,渗透于政策活动的各个环节,以动态交互的形式对目标群体行为产生影响,形塑了目标群体的规避行为。The classification of household garbage needs the full participation of the public, but the residents as the main body show a variety of negative and negative policy avoidance phenomena in the implementation of policy resistance, policy speculation, policy indifference and policy perfunctory, so that the classification of garbage has a policy suspension. Relying on the Smith policy implementation process model, through some localization debugging and correction of the theoretical elements of the model under the medium Chinese situation, it can provide an explanatory analysis framework for a comprehensive understanding of the target group policy circumvention behavior logic: the policy system itself is defective, the implementation subject ability is insufficient, the social environment′s adaptability conflict and the residents′ classification "internal dynamics" are not strong, these four elements are interrelated, influence each other, permeate the various links of policy activities, and influence the target group behavior in the form of dynamic interaction. The policy circumvention behavior of the target group is shaped.

关 键 词：生活垃圾分类政策 目标群体 政策执行 政策规避 政策悬浮 

分 类 号：D089[政治法律—政治学]