生理阶段对健康中国荷斯坦泌乳牛血常规指标影响的研究  

Study on effects of physiological stages on blood routine indexes in healthy Holstein cattle

作　　者：杨桐桐 陈紫薇 张海亮[1] 王澳 胡丽蓉 王凯 罗汉鹏 常瑶 郭刚 王雅春[1] YANG Tongtong;CHEN Ziwei;ZHANG Hailiang;WANG Ao;HU Lirong;WANG Kai;LUO Hanpeng;CHANG Yao;GUO Gang;WANG Yachun(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Sunlon Livestock Development Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100176,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193 [2]北京首农畜牧发展有限公司,北京100176

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第23期18-24,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-36);长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(IRT_15R62)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同生理条件下健康中国荷斯坦泌乳牛血常规指标的变化,精细化监测中国荷斯坦泌乳牛的健康状况,试验测定了北京地区921头健康中国荷斯坦泌乳牛的19项血常规指标,采用SAS 9.2软件GLM过程进行方差分析,使用固定模型分析胎次、泌乳阶段和妊娠阶段对各项血常规指标的影响。结果表明:19项血常规指标中白细胞数(WBC)、淋巴细胞数(W-SCC)、中间细胞群数(W-MCC)、淋巴细胞百分数(W-SCR)、中间细胞群百分数(W-MCR)、中性粒细胞百分数(W-LCR)、红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)、红细胞平均体积(MCV)、红细胞分布宽度标准差(RDW-SD)、红细胞分布宽度变异系数(RDW-CV)、血小板数(PLT)的平均值均在参考范围内,而中性粒细胞数(W-LCC)、血细胞比容(HCT)、平均血小板体积(MPV)的平均值略高于参考范围,平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)的平均值略低于参考范围。白细胞系统中的WBC随胎次的增加而降低,1~3胎与3胎以上比较差异显著(P<0.05)。红细胞系统中RBC、HGB和HCT随胎次的增加而降低,1胎时显著高于2胎和3胎(P<0.05);而MCH和RDW-SD随胎次的增加而升高,3胎以上时显著高于1~3胎(P<0.05);MCV在2胎和3胎时显著高于其他胎次(P<0.05)。血小板系统中的大血小板比率(P-LCR)随胎次的增加而升高,3胎以上时显著高于1胎(P<0.05)。RBC、HGB、HCT和MCHC在泌乳后期(201~305 d)均显著高于泌乳初期(0~60 d,P<0.05);RDW-SD在泌乳高峰期(61~100 d)显著高于其他泌乳阶段(P<0.05)。血小板系统中的P-LCR、MPV和血小板分布宽度(PDW)在泌乳高峰期均显著高于其他泌乳阶段(P<0.05)。白细胞系统中的W-SCC在妊娠151~200 d显著高于101~150 d和201~250 d(P<0.05),呈现先升高后降低的趋势。说明高胎次、泌乳高峰期和妊娠后期的奶牛可能由于其免疫力和抗氧化能力的变化,血常规指标与其他生理阶段存在较大差异。In order to explore the changes in blood routine indexes of healthy Holstein cattle under different physiological stages, and monitor the health status of Holstein cattle, 19 blood routine indexes of 921 healthy Holstein cattle in Beijing area were determined. Based on SAS 9.2 software GLM process, the fixed models were used to analyze the impacts of parity, lactation stage and pregnancy stage on blood routine indexes. The results showed that among the 19 blood routine indexes, WBC, W-SCC, W-MCC, W-LCC, W-SCR, W-MCR, W-LCR, RBC, HGB, MCV, RDW-SD, RDW-CV, PLT were all within the reference range. The W-SCC, HCT and MPV were slightly higher than the reference range, and the MCH and MCHC were slightly lower than the reference range, while the WBC in the white blood cell system decreased with the increase of parity and reached a significant level at more than parity 3(P<0.05). The RBC,HGB and HCT in red blood cell system decreased with the increase of parities, and were significantly higher at parity 1 than parities 2 and 3(P<0.05). The MCH and RDW-SD increased with the increase of parities, and were significantly higher than those of parities 1-3(P<0.05). The MCV was significantly higher at parities 2 and 3 than other parities(P<0.05). The P-LCR in platelet system increased with the increase of parities, which was significantly higher at more than parity 3 than that at parity 1(P<0.05). The RBC, HGB, HCT and MCHC in late lactation(201-305 d) were significantly higher those in early lactation(0-60 d, P<0.05). RDW-SD was significantly higher in the peak of lactation than in other lactation stages(P<0.05). The P-LCR, MPV, PDW in the platelet system were significantly higher in the peak period of lactation than those in other periods(P<0.05). The W-SCC in the white blood cell system were significantly higher at 151-200 d of pregnancy than those at 101-150 d and 201-250 d(P<0.05), showing a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. It indicated that the blood routine indexes of high parity, peak lactation and late ge

关 键 词：中国荷斯坦牛 胎次 泌乳阶段 妊娠阶段 健康检测 血常规 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]