热氮清防蜡工艺及在浅海石油开发中的应用研究  

Technical research of wax removal and control using hot nitrogen and application in shallow sea oil exploitation

作　　者：柳迪 陈肖帆 朱永凯 罗徵麟 LIU Di;CHEN Xiaofan;ZHU Yongkai;LUO Zhenglin(Tianjin Branch of CNPC Offshore Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 30045,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团海洋工程有限公司天津分公司,天津300451

出　　处：《石油工程建设》2021年第S02期163-167,共5页Petroleum Engineering Construction

摘　　要：目前浅海石油开发主要以导管架平台和自升式平台为主,现场应用的机械清防蜡、化学融蜡不能解决管柱内被堵死的情况;挤注热油融蜡时井口施工压力过高,风险大,解堵成功率低;连续油管热洗清蜡效果较好,但受小型浅海生产平台的限制,其适用性被削弱,为此提出海上橇装热氮设备清防蜡技术方案。首先介绍了通过橇装热氮设备产生常温热氮、通过外置加热方法获得高温热氮的方法、原理与设备选型;而后对比了两种热氮工艺施工的优缺点,并对其风险进行了分析;最后结合具体工程实例,介绍了现场常温与高温热氮工艺的建立、工艺参数设置以及工艺实施效果。常温热氮工艺清防蜡作业首次在海上现场的实施表明,清蜡效果明显。At present,jacket platform and jack-up platform are mainly used in shallow sea development.The mechanical wax removal and control and chemical wax melting applied in the field cannot solve the blocking problem in drill string.The wellhead construction pressure is too high,the risk is great,and the success rate of blocking is low when injecting hot oil to melt wax.However,the effectiveness of wax removal and control using coiled tubing hot washing method is well,but its applicability is impaired by the limitation of small shallow sea production platform.Therefore,the technical scheme using offshore skid-mounted hot nitrogen equipment for wax removal and control is proposed.Firstly,the working principle and equipment selection of the skid-mounted hot nitrogen equipment to generate high temperature nitrogen by heating normal atmospheric temperature nitrogen with external heating method are introduced.Then the advantages and disadvantages of the two kinds of hot nitrogen process construction are compared and their risks are analyzed.Finally,the establishment of the process parameters and the implementation effects of the hot nitrogen processes at normal atmospheric temperature and at high temperature are introduced based on a practical project.The first application of the hot nitrogen process at normal atmospheric temperature in wax removal and control operation in offshore field shows the effect is obvious.

关 键 词：浅海油田 清防蜡 热氮工艺 环空热氮气举作业 

分 类 号：TE53[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]