何谓经济事实——兼论马克思对“事实”和“价值”二分法的超越  

What is Meant by Economic Facts?——On Marx’s Transcendence of the Dichotomy of “Fact” and “Value”

作　　者：张九红 李先悦 ZHANG Jiuhong;LI Xianyue(Institute of Marxism,East China University of Science and Technology;Institute of Marxism,Shanghai University of Political Science and Law)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学马克思主义学院 [2]上海政法学院马克思主义学院

出　　处：《当代中国价值观研究》2021年第1期31-40,共10页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Values

基　　金：2021年上海市教育科学一般项目(C2021096);2020年华东理工大学基本科研探索研究基金项目(JKO012022002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：事实和价值的关系是福利经济学的重要方法论之一。从思想史看,经济学剔除价值判断,引起经济学学科性质的变化,有其固有的理论逻辑和哲学根源。"二分法"既是福利经济学步入现代阶段的重要里程碑,又是割裂事实与价值内在联系,使福利经济学陷入徘徊困境的重要根源。马克思以"经济事实"为转换起点,以"历史原则"为超越支点,从一个侧面揭示了"事实"与"价值"之间的"缠绕"关系,实现历史唯物主义资本批判对"事实"和"价值"的超越,同时也启示福利经济学重新引入价值维度的意义在于:面对资本逻辑中的效率、平等、自由等重要议题,剔除价值维度将弱化理论指导实践的可靠性,认同"属人的"经济事实,可以为社会政策提供更合理的分析框架。The relationship between fact and value is one of the important methodologies of welfare economics. In the history of economic thoughts,the elimination of value judgment in economics has its inherent theoretical logic and philosophical root,which causes the change of the nature of economics. "Dichotomy" is not only an important milestone for welfare economics to enter the modern stage. At the same time,it separates the intrinsic connection between fact and value,rationality and ethics,and even between individuals and society,which is the important root cause of the dilemma of modern welfare economics. Taking "economic facts" as the starting point of transformation and "historical principles" as the transcendental fulcrum, Marx reveals the "entanglement" between "facts" and "values" from one side,to realize the transcendence of "fact" and "value" by the critique of historical materialism. At the same time,the significance of reintroducing the value dimension in welfare economics lies in that,in the face of such important issues as efficiency,equality and freedom in capital logic,the elimination of the value dimension will weaken the reliability of theoretical guidance and practice,and the recognition of the economic fact of "being human" can provide a more reasonable analytical framework for social policies.

关 键 词：属人的 经济事实 价值判断 二分法 

分 类 号：B018[哲学宗教—哲学理论]