无卤磷酸酯阻燃聚乙烯材料的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Halogen-Free Phosphate Flame Retardant Polyethylene

作　　者：胡凯 张康 HU Kai;ZHANG Kang(Hebei Petroleum University of Technology,Chengde 067000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北石油职业技术大学,河北承德067000

出　　处：《塑料科技》2021年第11期58-61,共4页Plastics Science and Technology

摘　　要：采用线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)为基体,添加一种新合成的聚甲基膦酸-哌嗪双季戊四醇酯(FR)阻燃剂,探究FR阻燃剂对LLDPE材料性能的影响。结果表明:当FR添加量为30%,LLDPE/FR的LOI值为26.1%,LLDPE/FR的起始分解温度降至316.2℃,800℃残炭率增至9.5%,热释放速率(HRR)降至422.3 kW/m^(2)、产烟速率(SPR)降至0.07 m^(2)/s、一氧化碳生成速率(COP)降至0.004 g/s,LLDPE/FR表面形成致密的炭层。综上所述,FR阻燃剂可以有效地阻燃LLDPE,同时FR分解的焦磷酸与双季戊四醇发生酯化反应,促进材料表面形成炭层,抑制小分子可燃物释放,并隔绝外部的热量和火焰向材料内部传递,提高材料的热稳定性和成炭量,降低燃烧指数、烟指数和毒性指数。By using linear low density polyethylene(LLDPE) as the matrix, adding a new synthetic polymethylphosphonate-piperazine dipentaerythritol ester(FR) flame retardant, the effects of FR flame retardant on the properties of LLDPE material were discussed. The results show that when the FR content is 30%, the LOI value of LLDPE/FR is 26.1%, the initial decomposition temperature of LLDPE/FR is decreased to 316.2 ℃, the residual carbon rate at800 ℃ is increased to 9.5%, the heat release rate(HRR) is reduced to 422.3 kW/m^(2), the smoke production rate(SPR) is reduced to 0.07 m^(2)/s, the carbon monoxide production(COP) is reduced to 0.004 g/s, and LLDPE/FR surface forms dense carbon layer. In summary, FR flame retardants can effectively flame retardant LLDPE, FR decomposed pyrophosphoric acid and dipentaerythritol undergo an esterification reaction, which promotes the formation of a carbon layer on the surface of the material, inhibits the release of small-molecule combustibles, and isolates the external heat and flame from spreading to the inside of the material, which improves the thermal stability and char formation of the material, reduces the combustion index, smoke index and toxicity index.

关 键 词：磷酸酯 无卤阻燃 聚乙烯 

分 类 号：TQ325.12[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]